MOTJXSCA OF IXDJA. 223 



the upper surface of the penultimate whorl, as in Macrochlahiys ; 

 the lower portion is shorter, somewhat folded and reflected over the 

 columellar lip. The dorsal lobes are well developed and entire, 

 the left is a little larger, and both are thickened round the pul- 

 monary orifice ; the right considerably extends over the side of the 

 neck. 



" The genital organs chiefly occupj' the anterior part of the body. 

 The arrow-sac is short and thick, with an enclosed, thick, pointed 

 papilla. The uferus, accompanied by the prostata, is very long, 

 thick, the former has a yellowish colour with a greenish tinge, the 

 latter is purely white ; terminal albuminous gland of moderate size, 

 slightly thickened; hermaphrodite gland large, rather flatly depressed, 

 connected with the uterus by a long twisted duct. The vas deferens 

 branches off a short distance from the hermaphrodite opening : 

 in about three-fifths of its length from its origin it has a long 

 pointed appendage, consisting of strong tissue, filled with minute, 

 elliptical, calcareous secretions ; this appendage is attached by a 

 special muscle close to the place of attachment of the arrow-sac ; 

 the last two-fifths of the vas deferens gradually widens and towards 

 the end the simple tube consists internally of remarkably soft mus- 

 cular tissue, but there is no papilla present. The receptaculum 

 seminis is a globular gland, attached to a long slightly twisted 

 string, originating from the oviduct quite close to the hermaphrodite 

 opening. 



" The jaw of calias is broadly semilunar, thin, apparently smooth, 

 but when moderately enlarged and viewed in transparent light, a 

 distinct concentiic striation is perceptible, and there are some very 

 minute radiating lines to be observed near the middle part. 



" The radula is elongately quadrangular, consisting of about 35 

 to 50 transverse rows of teeth, meeting at sharp angles in the 

 middle line ; there are about 80-100 teeth in each row. They are 

 all of a similar shape, pyramidal, sharply pointed and attenuated 

 in the front, gradually becoming wider and terminating with an 

 obtusely rounded base. The middle tooth is slightly contracted 

 below the middle, it is symmetrical; the laterals are gradually more 

 bent outwards on either side and possess on the outer side near the 

 point a rounded and angular projection ; the angle appears to be 

 directed posteriorly ; the outermost teeth are quite simple. The 

 teeth of S. discoidalis and conjungens are exactly similar to those 

 of calias. only comparatively smaller." 



The genus SopMna is perhaps the most interesting in the family 

 Zonitidae ; it is the most aberrant of all I have examined. It 

 presents departure from the ordinary type, particularly from those 

 which the form of the shell recalls. The most striking character is 

 the radula ; there is nothing approaching the peculiar simple form 

 of the teeth in any known genus of the family. Next, the large, 

 broad, left dorsal lobe, entire for its whole length, without a trace 

 of a slit. This character is that of an old Peninsular India group 



