274 LAND \'SD FRESHWATER 



form from Almorah ; theobaldi, G-.-A., another far more globose 

 shell, from the Chenab Valley, Kashmir. They would, no doubt, 

 if we could obtain shells from intermediate localities, be found 

 to gradually merge the one into the other ; probably also in the 

 markings and colour of the animals more variation would be found 

 than in the shape of the shell. 



Genus Euaustenia, Cockerell. 

 Paun. Brit. lud., Moll. (1908), p. 148. 



A more detailed description of the genus is as follows : — 

 Animal with large shell-lobes which in life spread out, covering 

 aud concealing the shell, they narrow posteriorly, are continuous, 

 and unite below the shell on the dorsal side of the foot. The 

 rio-ht shell-lobe is ovate, the left triangular, in some species smooth, 

 in^ others more or less papillate. In forms from Simla aud Kaini 

 Tal, both lobes are adorned with one or more branchiug vein-like 

 markiugs, giving the lobes a leaf-like appearance. The foot is 

 divided, the mucous pore has a lobe above it. The genitalia are 

 similar to those of Macroclilaimjs, the penis with a distinct coiled 

 cfficum and a large amatorial organ ; a moderately long kalc-sae. 

 The jaw has a central projection, and the radula is as in Macro- 

 chlamijs. 



The shell is helicoid with about four whorls, thin, more or less 

 depressedly globose. 



Young shells are more polished than those fully groM^n. 

 I adopt Mr. Cockerell's suggested section because these N.AV. 

 Himalayan forms are, in spite of shell differences, so close to 

 Macrochlamys ; further, the internal organs occupy as in that genus 

 the anterior part of the body, below the neck, whereas in Austenia 

 type {qigas for instance) they occupy a cavity of the foot as far 

 back as the posterior side of the shell, resting on the sole of the 

 foot. The generative organs also differ, and so does the shell. 



EuAUSTENiA CASSiDA, Hutton. (Plate CXXIV. fig. 1.) 

 J. A. S. B. vii. (1838) p. 214. 



Localihj. Martiani, Simla Hills, 8000 ft. (iV. Annandale). _ 

 Seven specimens in different stages of growth show in an 

 intei'estino- way the proportion the size of the shell bears to that 

 of the animal. In colour these spirit-specimens are a pale grey ; 

 one is much paler than the other. There are no markings of any 

 kind ; in one only 10 mm. in length the eye-tentacles are dark 

 coloured, the rest of the body being very transparent. The 

 laro'est measured about 33 mm. in length. All have a midrib 

 on the ample right shell-lobe giving off branches; the left shell- 

 lobe is large, triangular, and pointed behind. The visceral sac 

 seen through the transparent shell has some mottling on it. 



The animal of E. cassida (var. stoJiczhanus) of Nevill, from 

 Naini Tal, is shown on Plate CXXIV. fig. 2. It is in every 

 respect similar to the Simla mollusc. 



