314 LAND AXI) FRESHWATER 



teeth become small, still bicuspid, but more evenly so. The 

 formula is 



36 . 1 . n . 1 . 11 . 1 . 36 



or 48 . 1 . 48. 



The spermatophoro (fig. 12) is a simple sac on a short flume, no 

 spines. 



Parhacella, Cavier, 1805. 

 Subgenus Kandahaeia, Godwin-Austen, 1888. 



In Part VI., Moll. lud. 1888, pp. 216-17, reference was made 

 under Girasia to a species from Afghanistan, found and named by 

 Capt. Thos. Hutton ruteUum, which Mr. Gray had put in this genus 

 with a (|uery. Button's description is given on p. 217. I then 

 made reference to a species the late Mr. M. Ogle had sent me from 

 the Afghan side of the Kojhak liange, for which, as it certainly 

 was not a Girasia, I proposed the generic name of Candaharia. 



When sending me the animals preserved in spirit Mr. Ogle 

 wrote :^" These specimens were found in the month of April in 

 the bed of a dry pebbly nullah at an elevation of 6000 feet. This 

 nullah takes its rise in the Kojhak range of hills on the border of 

 Afghanistan and Balucliistan, and is on the Afghan side. It is 

 curious that they were obtained in that one particular spot only, 

 though they were diligently searched for elsewhere." 



Pakmacella. (Kat^daharia) kojhakbnsis, n. sp. (Plate CXLII. 

 figs. 1-8.) 



West side Kojhak Pass, Afghanistan [M. 0;/le). 



Animal (fig. 1). The foot short behind, pointed, sharply keeled, 

 with coarse papillation between grooves running from the peripodial 

 margin towards the mantle. This is smooth, with the respiratory 

 orifice on the right central side. Shell on the posterior end and 

 sunk in a depression of the l)ody (fig. 3). Foot below has a central 

 ambulatory area, bordered with 7-8 parallel grooves. Two parallel 

 furrows run from between the eye-tentacles backwards along the 

 middle of the neck. In life the apex of the shell is concealed by 

 the mantle and is buried in the deep hollow at the posterior end 

 (fig. 4). The generative orifice is behind the oral tentacle showing 

 as a short perpendicular slit. The body- cavity extends to the 

 extremity of the foot. 



Size. Total length in spirit 40 mm.; mantle 17: extremity of 

 foot to mantle along the keel 7. A small specimen 27 mm. long. 



Shell (fig. 5). There are remarkable difierences in the structure of 

 the smooth single-whorled solid apex, and the thin flat form of the 

 anterior part, which is narrow and spatulate. The protoconch stage 

 of the animal would be an interesting study, vide Vitrina hnccata, 

 Hutton, further on. 



The length is 9*0, the width 4"0 mm. 



This shell differs from ParmaceUa desliaysei in the protoconch 



