MOLLUSCA OF INDIA, 



321 



Parvatella sogdiana, Von Martens. (Plate CXXXV. figs. 1-1/.) 

 The animal (figs. 1, la) is about 22 mm. long in the spirit- 

 Bpeciiuen dissected. It has ample shell-lobes, pale in colour and 

 quite smooth ; the right shell-lobe is given oft' from the border of 

 the ri-ht dorsal lobe, and spreads upon the right lower side of the 

 bodv-whorl in life. It is broad and somewhat ebngate. The Itft 

 shell-lobe is a narrow tongae-like expansion, gradually growing 

 out of a narrow band which overlaps the edge of the peristome. 

 The right dorsal lobe is large ; the lett dorsal is m two distinct 

 parts tlie anterior large, the posterior quite narrow and slightly 

 overlapped by the anterior lobe. The peripodial grooves very 

 distinct with distant well-marked grooves leading fiom the upper 

 one towards the keel of the foot. Foot very distinctly divided. 

 The mantle-margin has a narrow pale band. The visceral sac 

 beyond and walls of the branchial cavity are black, the kidney 

 showing pale coloured against it. , . , 



In the genitalia (fig. 1 c) the amatonal organ is very large, 

 evenly cylindrical for the whole of its length, and rounded at the 

 distal end. The male organ (fig. 1 d) has a CDecum, closely wound 

 into a ball-like shape, to which the retractor muscle is attached. 

 The epiphallus is short, and there is a short kale-sac; the vas deferens 

 is also short. As regnrds the genitalia, a comparison with fig. 53, 

 « Fauna of British India, Mollusca,' p. 146, shows great similarity 

 with Parvatella femmoi, and externally in the shell-lobes, only 

 that in this Samarkand' species they are broader and larger. 



The jaw (fig. 1 e) is very convex, narrow, and thick, with a 

 central projection. 



The radula (fig. 1/) formula is 



30 . 3 . 18 . 1 . 18 . 3 . 30 

 or 51 . 1 . 51. 



The central and four first admedian teeth are tricuspid, the inner 

 upper cusp being a sort of shoulder below the apex. The lateral 

 teeth have the outer basal cusp very small, with a long aculeate 

 point The outermost marginals are minute and bicuspid. 



The range of this genus of the Macrocldamyince so far to the 

 north-westward is of considerable interest in distribution, and at 

 first is somewhat difficult to account for. But as it is a Kashmir 

 Himalayan form, occurring in a high lorest-clad valley such as the 

 Sind at Sonamurg, species will no doubt be found in Astore bwat, 

 Chitral Wakhan, and Darwaz, up to the Zaratshan \ alley, toUow- 

 ino- the high valievs of the main watershed of the Himalayan 

 elevation in the north-west direction. Although we have occupied 

 Chitral now so many years, no conchologist would appear to have 

 visited the country. I am certain that in the more wooded portions 

 many interesting "land-shells must exist. 



