PALUDINA. 11 



and we have seen the same from near London. In 

 Scotland, though this species does not occur, yet shells 

 of it may be found on the banks of the Forth, derived 

 from ballast heaps (E. F.) ; and Mr. Alder mentions 

 a similar occurrence of the next species in Northumber- 

 land. Possibly the Lancashire locality recorded above 

 may be of this kind ; as also that of Newton Ards in 

 Ireland, recorded by Captain Brown. Mr. Thompson 

 says that he has not seen undoubtedly L'ish specimens 

 either of this or the following species. 

 It inhabits Central Europe generally. 



P. viviPAKA, Linnseus. 



Shape more produced than in the last : whorls simply rounded 

 and regularly shelving : umbilicus more or less concealed. 



Plate LXXI. fig. 14, 15 and (Animal) Plate H. H. fig. 2. 



Helix vivipara, Linn. Fauna Suecica, ed. 2, p. 529. — Syst. Nat. ed. 12, p. 1247 

 (from tj'pe). — Schuoter, Flussconch. p. 330 (in part), pi. 8, 

 f. 1. 



Nerita fasciata, Muller, Hist. Verm. pt. 2, p. 182. 



Cydostoma acliatiimm, Drap. Moll. Ter. et Fl. France, p. 36, pi. ] , f . 18. 



Helix compactilis, Pulteney, Hutchins, Hist. Dorset, p. 48 (from Penn. Brit. 

 Zool. ed. 4, vol. iv. pi. 85, top figure without name). 



Puludina achatina, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. (ed. Desh.) vol. viii. p. 512. — Turt. 

 Manual L. and F. W. Shells, p. 134, f. 119. — Gray, 

 Manual L. and F. W. Shells, p. 91, pi. 10, f. 119.— 

 Brown, Illust. Conch. G. B. p. 26, pi. 14, f. 68, 69.— 

 C. Pfeif. Deutsch. Land und SUssw. Moll. pt. 3, p. 44, 

 pi. 8, f. 3. — RossMAssL. Tconog. Land und Slissw. Moll. 

 pt. 1, p. 119, pi. 2, f. 66*. — Philippi, Moll. Sicil. vol. i. 

 p. 148. — KiCKX, Moll. Brabant. Austral, p. 74. — Gras, 

 Moll. Terr, et Fluv. France, p. GQ, pi. 5, f. 13. 



Turbo achatinus, Sheppard, Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 152. 



Paludina fasciata, Deshayes, note in Lam. Anim. s. Vert. vol. viii. p. 513. — 

 Philippi, Moll. Sicil. vol. ii. p. 122. 



Nerita vivipara, var. b. Sturm, Deutsch. Fauna, sect. vi. pt. 2. 



Paludina vivipara. Say, American Conchology, pi. 10 (probably). — Blainv. 

 Manuel Malacolog. pi. 34, f. 6. — Fleming, Treatise Mol- 

 lusc. Anim. pi. 1 1, f. 36. 



