Dr. Latuam’s Effay on the Trachee or Windpipes of Birds. 119 
In the Golden Eye the windpipe is of a curious and wonderful 
ftruéture, for the labyrinth is not only of a different and much 
more complicated form than any of the foregoing, but a fingular 
enlargement takes place about the middle of the trachea itfelf. This 
ventricofe part confifts of divers joints or plaits placed obliquely, and 
folding over each other fo as to admit of its being contracted into a 
very fhort compafs, or dilated toa great diftance, as the lengthening, 
or fhortening of the neck may require. In the recent ftate, thefe 
rings are eafily, by compreffion, folded into a {pace of little more than ~ 
an inch, and, by drawing out, may be made to occupy the length 
of four inches, or even longer ; and being of a cartilaginous nature, 
they recover their tone after being drawn out, if left to themfelves. 
- It is manifeft that the ftruCture of the ¢rachea in this bird being 
_ fo very unlike that of any other, will ever prevent its being con- 
founded with a different fpecies; and on this account I can with ° 
confidence affert, that the Anas Glaucion of Linnxus, or Morillon,. 
commonly fo called, has no exiftence taking it as a {pecies, for it is 
merely the Golden Eye in incomplete plumage. But this is not the 
only one known by the name of Morillon, for a {pecimen put into my 
hands for that bird has proved to be the young of the Tufted Duck, 
and others that of the Scaup. Whatever fhare the ftruéture of 
this fingular kind of trachea may have in promoting the loudnefs of 
the voice, I will not here infifton; but it is notorious that the cry is- 
heard further off than in many others of the genus. 
XkIV. ANAS FUSCA—Vetvet Duck. Tad. xv. Fig. 3——7. 
A. nigricans, palpebra inferiore {peculoque alarum. albis. 
Anas fufca, Linn. Syft. Nat. i. p.196.—Ind.. Orn. ii. p. 848.— 
Razi Syn. p. 141. A. 4.—Frifch. t. 165.. 
Grande Macreufe, Buf. Oif ix. p. 242.—P/. Enl. 956. 
Velvet Duck, Gen. Syn. vi. p. 482.—Br. Zool. No. 272. t. 96.— 
~ Will. Orn, p. 363. t. 70. 
I The 
