CONTENTS 



PAGES 



Stamen — Changing of Position of the Pollen Clubs — The 

 Stigmas— No Honey in the Spur — Darwin's suggestion 

 — Adhesive Nature of the Pollen Masses — The Twisted 

 Ovary 127— X42 



CHAPTER XII 



THE QUAKE-GRASS {Briza media) 



The Quake-Grass a Modified Member of the Lily Family — 

 Grasses the most Perfect Type of Wind-fertilised Plants — 

 Utility of the Inflorescence — The Spikelets — Stigmas and 

 Stamens — A Perfect Arrangement for Pollen Dispersal — 

 Degenerate Lilies — Details of Flower — Trinary Arrange- 

 ments almost Lost — Progress and Degeneracy — Grasses 

 and Orchids 143 — 149 



CHAPTER XIII 



THE WHITE OR DUTCH CLOVER 

 ( Trifolium repens) 



Clovers, Descendants of the Pea-flower Family — Inflorescence 

 of the Family Progenitor — Grouping of the Flowers— The 

 Course of Evolution — A Sure Sign of Advancement — 

 Colour — A Large Supply of Honey with Little Work — 

 Pollination of the Stigmas — Assisting (unconsciously) its 

 Insect Guests — Seed Pods — Creeping Stems— Each Species 

 possesses Characteristic Devices — Subterranean Clover — 

 A Modified Calyx and its Function — Sowing its Seeds — 

 The most Specialised Member of the Pea-flower Family 150 — 159 



CHAPTER XIV 

 THE STONECROPS {Sedum) 



The Orpine, or Livelong — Insect Visitors — Wall-Pepper — Its 

 Popular Name — All Species are Succulent — An Experi- 

 ment with the Mock Orange and the Orpine — The 

 "Cactus" of British Plants — No Protective Devices 



xiv 



