INDEX 



Ferns. Fructification of, 193, 194 

 , Germination of spores of, 195 



in Carboniferous Age, 197 



, Spore capsules of, 194 



Fertilisation, Wind- and insect-, 54 

 Feverfew Chrysanthemum, 3 



Flies and Sycamore flowers, 24-27 

 Floral structures and insect agency, 



198 

 Flower, Parts of a, 4, 37, 38 

 Flowers, Abortive, 39 



ar^d wind-fertilisation, 181 



, " Double," 9 



• , Minute, Grouping of, 11, 13, 152, 



191 



of forest trees, 47, 48 



, Simplest forms of, 38 



Foxglove, Cross-fertilisation of, 187 



flowers and bee, 10, 11, 186, 187 



inflorescence and Camomile 



Daisy compared, 11, 12 



, One-sided raceme of, 186, 187 



Fruit as evidence of flower, 47 

 Fruits, Reduction in number of, 159, 

 182, 183 



Gladiolus, Flower of, 168 

 Globe-flower, Buttercup origin of, 



177. 178 



, Nectaries of, 179 



Gorse as fodder, 92, 93 



branches with leaf functions, 94 



, Evolution of, 90-94 



, Leaves of, 86, 93, 94 



, Thorns of, 92-94 



Grasses and wind-fertilisation, 143 



, Evolution of, 148, 149 



Guelder Rose, Enlarged neuter 



flowers of, 191 



H 



Hazel catkins, 48 



and bees, 50, 51 

 and the wind, 51, 52 



- , Crimson colour of stigmas 



of, 54 



- , Cross-pollination of, 55 



-, Female, 49, 50 



- , Pollen of, 51-53, 55 



- , Stigmas of female, 50, 



53-55 



-, Structural details of, 49, 



50 

 Hazel-nuts, 48, 54 

 Hedgehog and sense of touch, 58-60 



Hedge-nuts, 48, 54 



Hellebore, Garden, Nectaries of, 179 



, Green, Buttercup origin of, 



177, 178 

 Honeysuckle flowers and hawk-moths 



188, 189 

 , Scent of, i88, 189 



Insects and composite flowers, 14 



and cross-pollination, 7 



• and plants, Reciprocal evolu- 

 tion of, 28, 198 



eating pollen, 7 



Iris family. Evolution of, 168 



Kidney Vetch, 92 



, Floral 



152 



arrangement of. 



Laburnum, Evolution of, 87 



, Flowers of, 87, 88 



, Inflorescence of, 150-152 



, Leaves of, 85-87 



Larkspur and bee, 184 



, Evolution of floral parts of, 183 



, Spurred nectaries and calyx of, 



183 

 Livelong, or Orpine, Nectar of, 160 

 Lonicera Caprifolium, 188 

 Lords-and-ladies, 32 

 Lychnis, Red, Ligules of, 170 

 , White, Ligules of, 170 



M 



Marigold, Marsh, Buttercup origin 



of, 177, 178 



, , Coloured sepals of, 178 



, , Nectaries of, 180 



Matricaria CJiamomilla, i _ 



Meadow Rue, Columbine-leaved, 



Showy stamens of, 181 

 , Lesser, Wind-fertilisation 



of, 181 

 Midge-flies and Arum inflorescence, 



33, 35-43 



201 



