Helix. MOLLUSCA. PULMONIFERA. 259 



Shell depressed, f ths of an inch in breadth ; brown, variegated, rough. 

 Whorls five, nearly flat, carinated. Pillar cavity large, exposing part of the 

 inner volutions ; mouth subovate. Animal dark brown ; upper tentacula 

 very lonf^, the lower short and slender ; neck shagreened. Is not the Helix 

 Somershamiensis of the Reverend R. Sheppard, Linn. Trans, xiv. 159, the 

 young of this species ? The shell described by Captain Brown under the 

 name Helix cochlea, Wern. Mem. ii. 528. t. xxiv. f. 10, and by Dr Turton, 

 H. lerebra. Conch. Diet. 61. t. xiv. f. 55, found in the garden of Trinity Col- 

 lege, Dublin, by Mr Stevens, seems to be a^produced variety of this shell, the 

 effect of disease in early life. 



Gen. XVIII. HELIX. — Shell globose, aperture without teeth, 

 transverse, lunated. 



a. With a pillar cavity. 

 * Preceding wJwrls not exposed hy the pillar-cavity. 



55. H. Pomatia. — Shell inflated, yellowish-brown, with three 



dark longitudinal bands ; wrinkled transversely. 



Cochlea cinerea, List. An. Ang. iii. — Conch, t. 48. f. 46. — H. Pom. Linn, 

 Syst. i. 1244. Mmt. Test. Brit. 405 — Middle districts of England. 



The shell sometimes attains two inches in diameter. Whorls 5, rounded. 

 Animal dusky grey. Eggs from 25 to 50, deposited in a hole in the earth ; 

 when hatched, the shell has one volution and a Iialf. — Previous to winter, this 

 species retires to a cavity, which it diggs in the earth by means of its foot, aided 

 by the mucus, and closes the aperture of the shell with a calcareous lid. In 

 this state it remains torpid until spring. On the continent of Europe the 

 animal is used as food. By some it is conjectured that this species was in- 

 troduced into England by Mr Howard about the middle of the sixteenth 

 century. Two varieties of the shell occur ; the first has the whorls disjoin- 

 ed and turrited ; the second has the whorls sinistral. 



56. H. Pisana. — Shell white, with interrupted brown bands ; 

 peristome, internally, pink coloured. 



Midi. Verm. ii. p. 60 H. zonaria, Penn. Brit. Zool. iv. 137. t. 85. f. 



133 — H. cingenda, Mmt. Test. Brit. 418 — H. rhodostoma, Drap. 

 Moll. 86 — South of England. 



Shell about |ths of an inch in breadth, subpellucid, minutely striated, lon- 

 gitudinally and transversely ; the last band, with irregular edges, entering 

 the mouth ; mouth wide, rounded, peristome rising on the side of the pillar 

 cavity. Animal pale yellow ; tentacula dark coloured, with a dusky streak 

 at the base of each, extending backwards on the neck of the animal. 



57. H. subriifescen.s. — Shell transparent, horn coloured, with- 

 out bands. 



Miller, Annals of Philosophy, vol. xix. p. 379. — Environs of Bristol. 

 Shell of 5 whorls, separated by a deep groove ; the apex depressed, the 

 edge indistinctly carinated, transversely striated by the lines of growth ; 

 mouth rounded externally, narrow near the pillar, where the lip is reflected, 

 in part, over the cavity. In none of the specimens in my possession, which 

 I owe to the kindness of Mr Miller, has the mouth acquired the peristome 

 of maturity. It seems, however, to be a distinct species. 



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