/•/.OIlV-./v'S 163 



aiifl as thc\- aiv i)lacc(l in the form of a cross it 

 shows tliat this jjlant is a crucifcr, or cross-bearer, 

 one iif a \er)' lar^e natural order, Cnui/rne,^ none 

 of which are poisonous and \er\- man)' are useful 

 foo(l-|)lants, such as cabbaL^e, turin'|), watercress, 

 and caulitlowcM-. Now there remain six stamens 

 — four loni;' and two shorter ones; these last rise 

 outside of and alternate with two nectaries or 

 honey-ji^lands. 



The stems of the stamens are called filaments, 

 fromy?//////, a thread; and the upper part, containing 

 yellow powder, is called the anther, the proper 

 name for the powder itself being pollen. 



In the centre of the flower is the pistil, the lower 

 part of which is the ovar}-, the part of a flower 

 which contains the o\ules, and is so named from 

 ovum, an egg. 



The stem part of the pistil is called the st)-le 

 and the top of it is the stigma. 



Such simple words as I ha\e given must be 

 learned, else we cannot understand botanical 

 descriptions, and if this page is studied whilst wo 

 have the flowers in our hands it will not be difficult 



' .\11 cross-shaped flowers do not, however, belong to this order. 



