88 Mr. Turner's Descriptions of 



various gradations, or if we form opinions without having seen 

 them in different states; for no error is more pernicious than that 

 of those botanists who promise themselves to acquire a knowledge 

 of them by means of their herbaria alone, as, however useful sin- 

 gle specimens of this tribe may be for the sake of reference, the 

 naturalist that puts too much reliance upon them will find, as 

 soon as he meets with the plants in their places of growth, that 

 he has studied at home for little else than to confuse others, and 

 bewilder himself. 



Lichen chkysocephalus. 



1. Lichen crusta granulosa pallide flava vix cohrerente ; bacillis 

 nigris ; tuberculis aurantiacis, margine pallidiore. 



Tab. VIII. Fig. 1. 

 Innascitur sudibus antiquis prope Sotterley in Suffolchl. 



Crusta late effusa, modice crassa, e granulis minutis, pallide et in- 

 terdum viridi flavis, nitidis, subglobosis, formae tamen nequa- 

 quam certre, hie congestis, illic sparsis, vix cohaerentibus con- 

 stat. Bacilla, ex hac, nigra, altitudine linearia vel sesquiline- 

 aria, filiformia, crassitie humani capitis pilos vix sequantia, 

 copiose assurgunt. Horum apicibus insident tubercula rotunda, 

 superficie plana aut convexiuscula, quorum disci, per pulverem 

 quo replentur, aurantiaci, margines autem pallide flavi, crustas- 

 que fere concolores sunt. Plants senescente, pulvis e tubercu- 

 lis excidit, unde concavi nigrique fiunt, mox tubercula ipsa 

 delabuntur et bacilla inania restant. Varietatem hujus plantulae 

 inveni, cujus tubercula, fere sessilia, glomeratim coacervantur. 



The only place in which I have hitherto seen this Lichen is at 

 Sotterley, near Beccles in Suffolk, where I found it, April 7th 1802, 



in 



