36 Dr. Lichtenstein's Dij/ertaiian on two Natural Genera 



Phafmoy with refpe<£t to fex, arc analogous to thofe of the nctvium 

 and edule. This being granted, we may obfcrve that, i. The males 

 are always much lefs than the females, a. Their antenna: are pro- 

 portionably longer and thicker. 3. Their hemelytra are fmaller, 

 round-oval, iharper at the tip, thorned at thebafe; thofe of the 

 females larger, oval, rounded off at the tip, without thorns, but more 

 ftrongly ribbed. 4. The females of feme fpecies are, perhaps, with- 

 out wings, although they have hemelytra, and the males have 

 really wings. The Pbofma citrifolium of the fecond family, and the 

 Ph. angulatum of the firft, afford examples of this. It is not im- 

 poffible that fome females may be found to Want both wings 

 and hemelytra, whofe males may have both. At the fame time, 

 there are certainly fome males without wings in the perfect ftate. 

 Th.ePh.Jiliforme\n the Ohrtmannian colle£lion is, without doubt, 

 a male, full grown, and yet without any wings. Time will 

 Ihow whether or not this Ph. filifonm be the male of the 

 Ph. Ramulus. 5. The head and thorax of the male Pbafma are more 

 thorny than thofe of the femr.Ic. 6. The female Phajmata have, 

 between the three leaves at the end of the abdomen, a proper fpine 

 for laying eggs ; the male organs, concealed in a fimilar pofition, are 

 in dried fpecimens not to be clearly diftinguifhed. 7. The forefeet 

 of the males are in proportion longer, thinner, and dentated with 

 fewer but ftronger thorns. 



Thefe obfervations may be of ufe in bringing together the fexes 

 of the fam.e fpecies, and may ferve to guide and afllfl: a reader, who 

 has an opportunity of obferving thefe infe6ts alive, to throw more 

 light on their economy and procreation. But, on the other hand, 

 they render difficult the determination of the fpecies. The fpecific 

 characters ought properly never to be taken from the particulars juft 

 mentioned, as they hardly ever agree perfcdlly in both fexes. I have 

 fought as much as poffible to avoid this error in the defcfiption of 



the 



