Capt. Sabine's Memoir on the Birds of Greeiiland, ^'C. 549 



feathers tipped with brown : the bill of the immature bird has the 

 extremity yellow as in the mature bird. The wings of this species 

 extend an inch and a lialf beyond tlic tail: the legs arc black, and 

 the skin very rough; they arc feathered witliin a very short distance 

 of the knee : length of the tarsus only one inch and a half; the claws 

 are much hooked : iridcs dark brown in every specimen : the legs 

 and bill of the mature birds agreed incolourwith the descriptions 

 of the authors quoted; the hind claw is sufficiently conspicuous, 

 though Fabricius says not. These birds are attracted in consider- 

 able numbers by whale blubber, and are therefore usually found 

 in company with the Procellaria glacialis; they are easily killed, 

 being by no means shy. 



22. Lakus Tridactylus. Kittiwake Gull. 



L. Tridactylus. Temm. 502. — Kittiwake. Mont. Diet. Ss Siipp. 



Mature Summek. L. Tridactylus. Lal/i. Ind. Urn. ii. 817. Fabr. 98 



Kittiwake. Lath. Sj/n. vi. 393. Br. Zool. ii. 186. — L. Rissa. Gmel. i. 594. jJrct. 

 Zool. Siipp. 70. Briin. no. 140. Mlill. no. 160. 



Mature Winter. Kittiwake. Arct. Zool. ii. 529. Ss Supp. 70. 



Immature. L. Tridactylus. Gmel. i. 595. Miill. no. \6l. Faun. Stiec. 55. 

 —L. Tridactylus. /3. Lalh. Ind. Dm. ii. 817.— Tarrock Gull. Mont. Dict.Ss Supp. 

 Lath. Syn. vi. 392. &5 Supp. 2CS. Br. Zool. ii. 187. Jrct. Zoul. ii. 533. 4 Supp. 

 70. 



It is expedient to distinguish the different states of plumage of 

 this bird, in reference to the authors quoted. Temininck is the 

 first writer who appears to have had a full knowledge of the 

 changes it undergoes. The mature summer plumage is wholly 

 ■white, with the exception of the back and wings ; these are of a 

 deej) ash-colour: the black markings of the primary quill feathers 

 have been correctly described by Temminck. In the autumn, 

 the white at the back of the head and neck is changed into a 

 light ash-colour, which is rather deepest behind the ear, forming 

 the appearance of a spot: the small feathers under the eye are 



4 D 2 also 



