DR. T. S. COBBOLD ON ENTOZOA. 167 



inch. On the whole, therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that the latter experiment 

 confirms the statements of Leuckart and others as to C. pisiformis being the yoimg of 

 T. serrata, whilst both experiments satisfactorily demonstrate the breeding of T. cucttme- 

 rma from a minute Cysticercus, probably hitherto unnoticed (figs. 73-79) *. 



The other species of Entozoa casually observed by me in Lepvs cunicultis and Canis 

 familiaris, are Fasciola hepatica and Oxyuris wmbigua in the former, and Ascaris margi- 

 nata in the latter. 



Felis leo ; Bos tmtrus ; Ovis aries ; Camelopardalis giraffa. — Erom a partial exami- 

 nation of the viscera of two Lions, the only entozoon detected was Ascaris leptoptera. 

 I have carefully dissected specimens of Fasciola hepatica and Coenurus cerebralis, but 

 have no new facts to offer in respect of their organization or development. From a Giraffe 

 I have obtained two forms of Cercarise and numerous specimens of a very large fluke 

 {Fasciola gigantica, mihi), details of which with coloured figures have already been 

 published t. 



Delphinus phoccBna. — I have dissected, either in whole or in part, several individuals 

 without detecting Entozoa ; but from a specimen shot in the Eirth of Eorth, and kindly 

 forwarded to me by J. Jardine Murray, Esq., in the month of April 1855, several 

 interesting forms were obtained. The pulmonary vessels, both arteries and veins, and 

 likewise the smaller bronchial ramifications on the left side of the thorax more especially, 

 were extensively occupied by two species of Strongylus, or in other words, by the Fros- 

 thecosacter inflexus and convolutus of Diesing ; two examples of the former being likewise 

 found in the ventricles of the heart. The small intestine of this Porpoise was com- 

 pletely choked for the space of 8 or 9 feet by five very large tape-worms so closely 

 impacted together that the gut presented all the appearance and firmness of a solid 

 cylinder. Four of the worms measured severally between 7 and 10 feet in length, and 

 the fifth about 18 inches. This worm constitutes a fresh addition to our sterehninthoid 

 faima. Accepting Prof. Van Beneden's classification of the cestoid Entozoa, the name 

 now proposed will place this new genus between his diphyUoid Ecliinohothrmm and the 

 pseudophylloid Bothriocephalus. Diphyllobothrium stemmacephaluni (mihi) may be briefly 

 characterized as follows : — Length upwards of 100 inches, greatest breadth f ths of an 

 inch ; head arched, supported by a narrow neck, the latter rapidly increasing in breadth ; 

 bothria two in number, compressed, shallow, subsessile, together forming a semicircular 

 festooned crown ; segments i^jth to ^th of an inch broad from above downwards, marked 

 by 10 or 12 longitudinal furrows, the lower border of each slightly overlapping the suc- 

 ceeding segment ; reproductive orifices conspicuous, widely separated, both placed in the 

 mesial line (figs. 79-83 inclusive). 



* It is highly important that the cysticercal condition of every real species of Tape-worm be indicated, otherwise 

 the value of our breeding experiments is lost. Von Siebold (Band- und Blasenwiirmer, p. 98 et seq.) actually denies 

 the hitherto recognized specific distinctions of five well-marked cestodes. His view, if proved correct, would almost 

 sanction a revival of the transmutation theory. 



t Description of a new Trematode infesting the Giraffe, &c. Edin. New Phil. Journ. for 1855. See also Reports 

 of the British Association for 1856. The fluke discovered by Professor Busk in the duodenum of a Lascar (Z). Bu»kii, 

 Lankester) exceeds in size not only the Diitoma gigas of Nardo, but this species also in a sUght degree, from which 

 it is generically distinct. 



