94 SEA-SHORE LIFE 
Our hermit crabs carry their eggs about attached to the hairs 
of the lower side of the abdomen. The larvee, which swim freely 

Fig. 62; Hermit Crab removed from Fig. 63; Little Hermit Crab re- 
shell. Cape Ann, Mass. moved from shell. Cape Ann, Mass. 
through the water, have a long spine fully twice as long as the body 
itself, projecting straight forward above the eyes. A forked spine 
also projects backward, so that the body of the crab appears as if 
attached to a long, forked stick. After a few moults its form 
changes, and it seeks the shelter of a small shell. 
Three species of hermit crabs are found in shallow water along 
our coast: 
Hupagurus bernhardus, Figs. (0-62, is common north of Cape 
Cod, and is hairy and bright red in color. In Europe it is used 
as bait by fishermen. It extends from shallow water to a depth 
of at least 500 feet. 
Lupagurus pollicaris ranges from Cape Cod to Florida, and is 
abundant upon oyster beds and rocky bottoms of Long Island 
Sound. It is pale red in color and the claws are granulated rather 
than hairy. It inhabits the largest shells, such as those of the 
whelk, but appears not to be very fastidious, for the writer found 
one occupying the bowl of an old clay pipe. 
Eupagurus longicarpus, Fig. 63, is the most abundant and 
smallest of our hermit crabs, and occurs in very shallow water. 
It may be recognized by its dull yellowish-white legs streaked 
with dull slatey-gray or blue. 
The Sand Bug, (/lippa talpoida, Fig. 64). This curious little 
creature is related to the hermit crabs, but no one would suppose 
this to be the case without careful study, for its appearance is 
