PUPISOMA.. 33 



wall witli the palatal armature). The sliell shown in figs. 10 a-c 

 is one collected by the late O. Collett, and is in Mr. Ponsonby's 

 collection, while the armatures exhibited in figs. 10 ''? and e are 

 drawn from a specimen brought home by Mr. Preston and which 

 is in Mr. Sykes's possession. 



Genus PUPISOMA, Stoliczka. 



Pupisomn, Stoliczka, J. A. S. B. xlii, 1873, p. 32 ; Nevill, Hand List, 

 i, 1878, p. W2 ; vou MiillendorfF, Nachr. Blatt., D. Malak. Ges. xx, 

 1888, p. 109; ibid., Ber. Seiick. naturf. (xes. 1890, p. 223; Pilsbry, 

 Man. Conch, ser. 2, ix, 1894, p. .52 ; Godwin-Austen, Land and 

 Freshw. Moll. India, ii, 19] 0, p. .300 (jaw and radula). 



" Shell minute, thin, brown, perforated ; varying from pupi- 

 form, almost cylindrical, to globose-conoidal ; apex obtuse ; whorls 

 rounded, with delicate, irregular, cuticular riblets. Apei-ture ob- 

 lique, truncate-oval or rounded, the lip thin, simple or a little 

 expanded, broadly dilated at the columella, nearly closing the 

 umbilical perforation ; the colnmellar edge sometimes slightly 

 projecting, but hardly dentate," {Filsbry.) 



" The animals have very short pedicles and barely a trace of 

 tentacles. They genei-ally live on wood." {Stoliczka.) 



Genitalia unknown. 



" Radula exceedingly small ; formula {P. miccyla) : 



8.6.1.6.8 

 14 . 1 . 14, 



" The centre tooth is smaller than those on eitlier side, it is 

 tricuspid, the main point long, those on the side basal and wide 

 apart. The admedian teeth are also tricuspid with indication on 

 the fourth and fifth of two cusps on the outer side. The laterals 

 are on lono- narrow plates, with four teeth alternately long and 

 short. The jaw is composed of about eighteen vertical plates, not 

 overlapping each other, each plate being separated by a very 

 narrow clear space. The cutting-edge is sharply defined. Under 

 the highest power it seemed apparent that these plates divided at 

 the base and merged gradually into muscular tissue.'' {Godwin- 

 Austen.) 



Type, Pupa lignicola, Stoliczka. 



Range. India, Ceylon, Borneo, Philippines, Japan, S. Africa. 



Stoliczka regarded the group as a subgenus of Piqm, while 

 von Mdllendorff, in 1888, raised it to generic rank, provisionally 

 placino- it between Buliminus and Pupa, but two years later he 

 referred it to the Fruticicola series in proximity to Acanthimila 

 and Zoogenites. Pilsbry, not without some doubt, considered it a 

 subgenus, a modification of Pyramidula, comparable to the Ameri- 

 can o-roup Pti/chopatula. He did not, however, include it in his 

 synopsis of families, etc. {vide Index to the Helices, 1895, 



