70 



Although so common in a living state, S. cancellatus has not yet been 

 found in the Pleistocene deposits of eastern Canada. 



Spirorbis granulatus (Miiiler). 



Serpula granuJata, Miiiler (1776) ; and O. Fabricius (1780). 

 Spirorbis granulatus, Stimpson (1853) ; Dawson ; and Packard. 



Grand Manan, " common on stones, shells and the carapaces of crabs, in 

 20 to 50 fathoms ; " Stimpson. " Found of large size along the whole coast 

 of Labrador," in 10 to 40 fathoms (Packard); Greenland (Fabricius). 



According to Sir J. W. Dawson, ^S*. granulatus resembles S. cancdlatus, 

 " but wants the ornament around the margin, having only two furrows and 

 three sharp elevated ridges on the upper side." " Fabricius, who found it in 

 Greenland, states that its animal is yellow, with a white stopper on a short 

 stalk, and six reL^^piratory filaments."* 



Spirorbis carinatus, Montagu. 



Spirorbis carinata (Montagu), Dawson (1860). 



"Spirorbis caWwato (Mont.) is a deep water species, closely allied to S. 

 nautiloides, if not a variety of it. It is distinguished by a keel or ridge 

 running along the whorls, nearer the inner than the outer edge. In some 

 old shells a second ridge appears, and then the shell very closely resembles 

 S. quadrangularis of Stimpson. Young shells, on the other hand, are not 

 distinguishable. This species is noted by Fabricius as a Greenland shell. 

 It abounds in the collections of Mr. Bell of the Geological Survey, and in 

 my own from Gaspe, where it occurred in deep water, attached to dead 

 shells and stones. It was found at Labrador by Mr. Carpenter. I also have 

 it on a stone taken up from the Banks of Newfoundland by a fisherman's 

 hook, and presented to me by A. Dickson, Esq." (Sir J. W. Dawson, 

 1860, Canad. Nat. and Geol., vol. v., p. 26). 



More recently, in 1893, Sir J. W. Dawson says of this species : This "is 

 a Spirorbis with one carina, found also in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and 

 possibly the same with the S. contortuplicata of Fabricius from Greenland ; 

 Little Metis." 



"Fossil — Rivifere du Loup, on shells. "f 



Spirorbis quadrangularis, Stimpson. 



1853. Synops. Marine Invert. Grand Manan, p. 29. 



Grand Manan, taken in 10 fathoms on stones (Stimpson). Described 



from the shells only. 



* Canadian Naturalist and Geologist (1860), vol. v., p. 27. 

 t The Canadian Ice Age, &c., Montreal, 1893, p. 260. 



