ae 
ON THE STATISTICS OF DUKHUN. 261 
Viewing Dharwar, whether with respect to its numerous 
towns and well-peopled villages, the comparative density of its 
population, the size of its farms, the quantity of land in culti- 
vation, the amountof its revenues, the lightness with which they 
press supposing they were raised as a poll tax, the indications 
of manufacturing industry (so languishing elsewhere) in the 
number of its weavers, and its superior means of school 
instruction, it is unquestionably the finest of the British pos- 
sessions in Dukhun. 
Population. 
The great feature in the population of Dukhun is the 
excess of males over females in a greater proportion than 
exists in Europe. By the last census in England there 
were 100 males to 93 females. In the British possessions 
in Dukhun, in a population from which returns have 
been received of 2,302,902 souls, there are 100 males .to 
87°36 females, and this difference obtains, with very little 
variation, throughout the different casts. It is subject to 
modification, however, by a very singular fact, exhibited in 
the excess of grown up women over men wherever the 
returns distinguish the adults from children; but the excess 
of male children over female leaves the ultimate prepon- 
derance in favour of the males. From Sir Stamford Raffles’, 
History of Java, the same relative proportion of the sexes 
would appear to exist in that island. He states that the pro- 
portion of males and females born in Bantam, and over the 
whole of Java, is nearly the same as in Europe, and as is found 
generally to exist wherever accurate statements can be ob- 
tained. From the information he collected in a very careful 
survey of one province, the preponderance seemed to be 
on. the side of male children to an extraordinary degree; 
the male children being about 42,000, and the female 35,500, 
i.e. 100 males to 84°52 females. He says also there were 
formerly great drains on the male population, and which, in 
advanced stages of life, might turn the balance on the other 
side ; indeed, in some of his returns this is shown to be the 
case. 
In Dukhun, wherever the means have been afforded to me 
of ascertaining, I have found the preponderance of male over 
female children to be marked, not only in births, but as long 
as they continue to be classed as children; although a great 
mortality, at a subsequent period, makes the grown up 
_ females outnumber the grown up males. 
Males and females.—In the Poona Collectorate in 1826 the 
births of males in 32 turruffs were 100 to 94°27 females, 
