330 SEVENTH REPORT—1837. 
182 grs. avoirdupois ; but the most common seer in use in Duk- 
hun is one of 76 rupees; the divisions are ddh seer (half), Pao 
seer (quarter), 4dh pao or Nowtank (one-eighth), and Chettank 
(one-sixteenth). For the convenience of calculation, the seer is 
divided into 72 tanks or tollahs, and one-eighth, of course, is 
Nowtank or nine tanks, and one-sixteenth is Sarhee chartank 
or 43 tanks, which is corrupted into Chettank. The multiples 
are Panch seer (five seers), the mun of 40 seers equal to 
78 lbs. 13 oz. 11 drs. 11 grs. avoirdupois, or 95lb. 10 oz. troy 
exactly; the Pullah of 3 muns, and the Kundee of 20 muns. 
But I have shown how far the weights really in use differed from 
the above, and in the tract lying between the Seena and Beema 
rivers, the weight called the Bureedee had not even the same 
constituents or multiples as the Poona weights. 
Goldsmiths’ weights.—The lowest goldsmiths’ weight is no- 
minally the mustard seed, but the lowest I met with was the 
Goonj, a seed of the Abrus precatorius, the mean weight of 
which was 1°91410 grains troy: 96 goonj make a tollah, which 
should therefore weigh 183°7536 grains troy; but as the tollah 
is the 72nd part of a seer of 13,800 grains, it should weigh 
191,666 grains troy; the goldsmiths’ weights in use conse- 
quently are below the nominal standard. Eight goon or four 
waals* make one massah, and twelve massah one tollah. I 
put the goldsmiths’ weights to the same test in different parts of 
the country, I did those of capacity, and found that two weights 
of the same denomination in different shops were seldom uni- 
form. The scales used by goldsmiths are called Kantah, and 
are of metal; those used by dealers generally are called Tajwa 
or Tagree, and are made of leather or parchment. 
Itinerary and Long Measures.—Distances between places 
are estimated by the Kohs (coss), I cannot say measured, for I 
believe the actual determination of distances between places was 
as little attended to by the native governments, as the facilitating 
communications through the country by the construction of 
roads and bridges. I think the Kohs averages about two miles 
English, varying, however, from 13 to 2} miles. In Mahratta 
writings long measure is raised from the barleycorn; 8 Juw or 
barleycorns make a Boht or finger, 24 fingers a Haft or cubit, 
(18 inches), 4 cubits a Dunoosh (a bow) or fathom, measured 
by a man’s outspread arms, and 8000 cubits or 2000 fathoms a 
Kohs. The Kohs therefore would equal 24 English miles and 
40 yards. In Sanscrit 2 Kohs make a Guwyotee, and 2 of the 
latter make a Yojun or 9 miles and 160 yards; but these terms 
* Waal is the seed of the Cesalpinia sappan. 
