TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 79 
Coals are worked very near to the red sandstone of Eccleston, and 
_ from the Thattow Heath Colliery, in that neighbourhood, a line of 
_ coal mines may be traced passing by Sutton, Parr’s Moss, Ashton in 
_ Makerfield, Edge Green, Leigh, Bedford, and Worsley, to Pendleton, 
near Manchester. For seven miles to the north-west of Pendleton, 
a remarkable promontory of red sandstone stretches out as far as 
_ Ringley Bridge, on the river Irwell, and gives the very appropriate 
name of the “ Red-rock Fault” to an enormous displacement of the coal 
measures, by means of which the beds of coal are abruptly cut off, and 
_ their level is changed to an average extent of 1000 yards. 
Below Ringley Bridge, the precise boundary of the red sandstone 
- rock, on the eastern side of the Red-rock Fault, has not hitherto been 
accurately determined. Red sandstone strata may, however, be traced 
on both sides of the River Irwell, from Ringley to Agecroft Bridge ; 
and below Agecroft Bridge, the red sandstone rock is found in con- 
_ siderable masses in the neighbourhood of Kersall Moor, Castle Irwell, 
__ and at the dye-works near Salford Bridge. Red sandstone rock forms 
the foundation of the Collegiate Church of Manchester, and of nume- 
rous other buildings which rise on the opposite banks of the Irwell, 
both in Manchester and Salford. Beyond Manchester, the red sand- 
stone formation may be easily seen along the course of the rivers - 
Mersey and Irwell, as far as Warrington, Stockport, and Liverpool. 
On the north-eastern side of Manchester, coal is found at Collyhurst 
and Bradford; the coal measures are afterwards interrupted by the 
intervention of the sandstone rock on the eastern side of the Bradford 
coal field: coals are again found above Bank Bridge on the river 
Medlock, in the same neighbourhood. 
Beyond Denton, to the south-east of Manchester, the levels of the 
coal mines are carried on, in a southerly direction, towards Poynton 
and Macclesfield. Very minute investigation is required to determine 
with accuracy the line of faults, which probably forms the southern 
_ boundary of the Lancashire coal district. 
Limestone is occasionally found near to the southern limits of the 
_ Lancashire coal district. At Ardwick, adjoining Manchester, the car- 
- poniferous shales are interstratified with beds of limestone, and the 
_ south-western inclination of the calcareous strata at Ardwick corre- 
__ sponds with the inclination of the carboniferous beds associated with 
them. 
Nine miles to the west of Manchester, at Bedford, near Leigh, 
several strata of magnesian limestone are found dipping to the south- 
east, and very nearly conformable in their inclination with the red 
sandstone strata in that neighbourhood. The relative position of these 
rocks, as well as their relation to the carboniferous strata in the same 
neighbourhood, was carefully examined by the late Dr. Phillips of 
Manchester; and the result of his observations demonstrates, that 
_ the red sandstone strata of Bedford are inclined at an angle of 10° 
or 20° towards the south-east, corresponding very nearly with the in- 
_ clination of the magnesian limestone; while the carboniferous strata 
_ dip to the south-west, and, consequently, the carboniferous strata are 
