ON THE MOTIONS AND SOUNDS OF THE HEAttT. ^65 



the aorta and pulmonary artery to hook back the valves, when 

 the second sound was replaced by a sucking or bellows sound. 

 The awls being withdrawn both sounds were again heard, the 

 heart acting feebly. 



Experiment 7- — Subject, a young ass. A small quantity of 

 woorara was introduced into the flank, but without destroying 

 life, and the animal was despatched by a blow on the head. 



Heart acting very quickly and strongly when the chest was 

 opened ; first sound only audible. 



The auricles being pushed in by the fingers into the ventricles 

 so as to keep the valves open, the first or impulse sound only 

 heard ; the second sound wanting. On withdrawing the fingers 

 from the auricles both sounds were audible, the heart acting 

 more slowly but yet strongly. The roots of the arteries being 

 compressed between the fingers and stethescope, the first or im- 

 pulse sound only heard, accompanied by a loud bellows or rasp 

 sound. On removing the pressure (from the arteries) both 

 sounds again audible. An incision being then made into the 

 left auricle, a finger was passed through the auriculo-ventricular 

 orificeto the bottom of the left ventricle, and the fingers of the 

 other hand being placed under the right ventricle, and the heart 

 compressed between the hands so as to obliterate the cavity, the 

 first or impulse sound was still distinctly heard by all, but weak. 



Experiment 8. — Animal, a young ass destroyed by stunning. 

 The heart at first acted convulsively, as from great exertion, 

 but afterwards nearly normally slowly for a short time. While 

 the heart's action was quick no second sound was heard, but 

 after it became slow both sounds were heard, and shortly after 

 its action became too feeble and irregular for observation. 



Experiment 9. — Subject, a young ass. Poisoning by intro- 

 duction of twenty-four drops of an inefficient preparation of 

 coneia into the peritoneum : unsuccessful. Animal ultimately 

 pithed. On opening the chest the heart distinctly audible as to 

 both sounds, and in vigorous action. The fingers were pushed 

 into the auricles and through the auriculo-ventricular orifices, 

 when a first sound was heard prolonged by a whizzing sound. 



On withdrawing the fingers both normal sounds were heard ; 

 needles were then introduced to hook up a lamina of the sigmoid 

 valves of the aorta, when the second sound was heard by two 

 observers. 



The pulmonary sigmoids were also attempted to be so treated 

 (the aorta valves being continued under the needle), when two 

 observers heard the two sounds, but not the third observer. 



Note. — The Committee were uncertain how far the hooking 

 up of the valves was really effected owing to want of strength in 



