TRANSACTIONS OP THE SECTIONS. 689 



average quantity of rain which fell yearly during thirty years 

 preceding that period, amounted to rather less than twenty- three 

 inches. But more particularly, the degree of health may be 

 known, and tables formed for ascertaining the probability of 

 human life, from a series of the Mortality Bills, where the age 

 of the living and that of persons who have died are narrated in 

 connexion with the population, and a table of longevity for Scot- 

 land which the author prepared in 1821 ; by which it appeared 

 that, on an average of all the counties of Scotland, there was 

 one person eighty years of age for every 143/o% of the popu- 

 lation ; while in the county of Lanark, with a population of 

 316,790, including 263,046 who live in towns, viz. in Glasgow 

 202,426, and in other towns 60,620, there was one such person 

 for every 169yy(j, showing a degree of health in the population 

 of Glasgow nearly equal to that of the whole of Scotland. 



The following results have reference to Glasgow and its sub- 

 urbs, which partake of a mercantile and manufacturing popula- 

 tion, or something between Liverpool and Manchester, the town 

 population being 198,518, and the rural 3908. 



In 1831 the population was found to be 202,426, the burials 

 51 85, and the rate of mortality consequently 39y-*o. The births 

 being 6868, there is one birth for every 29^-^-^ persons. The num- 

 ber of marriages being 1919, there are 3^^^ births to each 

 marriage, and one marriage for every 105y%% persons. The num- 

 ber of families being 41,965, there are 4y%% persons to each 

 family. It is very satisfactory to know that with the same 

 machinery in 1821, the population being 147,043, the burials 

 3686, the rate of mortality was ascertained to be 39/o%j ^^ ^" 

 other words as near as may be to the mortality in 1831. By 

 reference to the Bills of Mortality between the years 1821 and 

 1831, similar results will be found. 



It appears from all the authentic Bills of MortaUty the author 

 has ever seen, that there are more males born than females, but 

 taking the population above fifteen years the number of females 

 preponderates. The following results for Glasgow are derived 

 from the census of 1831 : 



Births— Males, 3527 Females, 3341 excess of Males, 186 



Males under 5 years, 15422 Females, 14855 excess of Males, 567 



Males under 10 years, 28549 Females, 27435 excess of Males, 1114 



Males under 15 years, 39040 Females, 38155 excess of Males, 885 



Males under 20 years, 47529 Females, 50411 excess of Females, 2882 



Males under 30 years, 62706 Females, 73419 excess of Females, 10713 



Males— entire Population, 93724 Females, 108702 excess of Females, 14978 



Burials— Males, 2701 Females, 2484 excess of Males, 217 



ADDENDA FOR 1831. 



Description of Householders. — Married men 30,03 2 . Widowers 



1790. Bachelors 1437. Male householders 33,259. Widows 



1834. 2 Y 



