56 REPORT — 1842. 



of the same size in having a slight ridge along the base of the anterior part 

 of the crown, and in being a little narrower from side to side, and the same 

 characters distinguish the posterior molar of the fossil Macacus above de- 

 scribed. As, moreover, the present fossil molar bears exactly the same pro- 

 portion to the above-mentioned fossil posterior molar, which obtains in the 

 corresponding teeth of the recent Macaci, I have no doubt that the two fos- 

 sil teeth belong to the same species of extinct Macacus. 



The evidence on which this ancient British monkey has been recognized, 

 is of the same nature as that which has proved the existence of another and 

 higher organized Quadrumane, in a contemporary formation in the South of 

 France. During the life-time of Cuvier no fossil referable to the quadru- 

 manous order had been discovered in any part of the world. Such remains 

 have, however, been subsequently determined not only from tertiary strata 

 in England and France, but also from tertiary beds in the East Indies and 

 South America ; four different genera of apes and monkeys being now known 

 to have co-existed with the stranger Mammalia of the tertiary periods which 

 have become extinct. 



Order Cheiroptera. 



The most common situations in which the fossil bones of the bat- tribe 

 have been met with are the bone-caves, in some of which, as in the cavern 

 at Kostritz, they occur mixed with the bones of existing as well as extinct 

 animals, and may have been introduced at a recent period. I shall not, 

 therefore, here notice the remains of existing species of bats found in the 

 superficial stalactites of caves, and which appear also to have been acci- 

 dentally and recently introduced, like the remains of the human species, into 

 caves containing the true fossil bones of extinct animals. 



In the cavern called Kent's Hole, near Torbay, Devon, fragments of the 

 skeleton of a bat have been found so associated with the remains of the ex- 

 tinct animals as to claim a like antiquity. A ramus of the lower jaw presents 

 two large cuspidated molars in place, the socket of a third, those of two small 

 premolars, and a canine, from which I am disposed to refer these fossils to the 

 genus Rhinolophus, typified by the horse-shoe bat of the present fauna. 



A species of small insectivore, referable only, as it appears to me, to the 

 bat-tribe, has left indications of its presence during the remote tertiary pe- 

 riods in which the Macacus, already described, existed. These indications 

 consist of two molar teeth, apparently the last and penultimate of the right 

 side of the lower jaw. 



One of these small grinders (penultimate or antepenultimate grinder) has 

 the crown composed of four triangular prisms, placed in two transverse rows, 

 with an angle turned outwards, and a side or flat surface inwards, the sum- 

 mits being sharp-pointed. The exterior prisms are the largest ; the crown 

 swells out abruptly above the fangs, defending them as it were by an over- 

 hanging ridge. There is a small transverse eminence or talon at the anterior 

 part of the crown ; and a very small tubercle is placed between the bases of 

 the two external prisms. The second molar differs from the preceding in 

 having the two posterior prisms suppressed, and replaced by a flattened tri- 

 angular surface. The anterior prisms are present, and their apices project 

 far beyond the level of the posterior surface. There is a small ridge at the 

 anterior part of the tooth. These teeth agree more nearly with the ante- 

 penultimate and last molars of the larger insectivorous bats, than with any 

 other teeth with which I have as yet compared them ; they differ chiefly in 

 the presence of the small tubercle at the basal interspace of the exterior 

 prisms ; a difference which M. de Blainville regards as ground for doubting 



