40 REPORT — 1842. 



lowed out by Prof. Haidinger after the death of the former ; it consisted in dividing 

 the mineral products of the empire into four great general divisions, having in the 

 centre those obtained from the rivers, and those procured from the principal chains 

 of mountains as the boundaries on either side. The cabinets were so arranged as to 

 form a kind of section of the various geological formations. The upper portions of 

 the cabinets are filled with the rocks and minerals from the higher or mountainous 

 districts, whilst the lower divisions contain the specimens taken from the valleys. 

 This arrangement has been found greatly to assist the memory, and to afford nume- 

 rous points of comparison to those who study the constitution of the mountain 

 chains. The Professor concluded by some speculations on the changes which gra- 

 dually take place in the metamorphic rocks, and which he considered might all be 

 reduced to processes of oxidation or reduction. 



On the Phosphates and Arseniates. By John Dalton, F.R.S. 



On Microcosmic Salt. By John Dalton, F.R.S. 



On a new and easy Method of Analysing Sugar. By John Dalton, F.R.S. 



On the Composition of the Blood and Bones of Domestic Animals. 

 By Professor Nasse. 



On the Manufacture of Sulphuric Acid. By Wm. Blyth. 



On the Manufacture and Purification of Gases obtained from Coal. 

 By John Da vies. 



On a peculiar Condition of Iron. By Professor Schonbein. 



On the Advantages and Disadvantages of Hot Air in effecting the Com- 

 bustion of Coal. By C. Wye Williams. 



On the Production of an Artificial Copper Pyrites. By W. Lucas. 



On some Fires produced from Spontaneous Combustion. By A. Booth, 



F.L.S. 



On some Thermo-chemical Researches. By Professor T. Graham. 



GEOLOGY AND PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 

 On the Physical Structure of the Appalachian Cham, as exemplifying the Laius 

 which have regulated the elevation of great Mountain Chains generally. By 

 Professors H. D. Rogers and W. B. Rogers. 



The Appalachian Chain of North America is described by the authors as consisting 

 of a series of very numerous parallel ridges or anticlinal lines, forming a mountain belt 

 generally 100 miles in breadth and nearly 1200 miles in length, stretching from the 

 south-eastern angle of Lower Canada to Northern Alabama. 1. The strata which 

 compose this chain are the American representatives of the Silurian, Devonian and 

 Carboniferous systems of Europe, united into one group of conformable deposits. 

 The general direction of the chain being N.E. and S.W., there is a remarkable pre- 

 dominance of S.E. dips throughout its entire length, especially in the south-east- 

 ern or most disturbed side of the belt. Proceeding north-westwards, or from the 

 quarter of greatest disturbance, N.VV. dips begin to appear; at first few and very 

 steep, afterwards frequent and gradually less inclined. 2. The authors consider the 

 frequency of dips to the S.E., or towards the region of intrusive rocks, accounted for 



