96 report — 1842. 



On the Industrial and Training School about to be erected in the neighbour- 

 hood of Manchester. By Mr. Gardner. 



The projected building will be erected at Swinton, in the vicinity of Manchester, 

 for the pauper children in the three Unions contained in the parish of Manchester. 

 The building will accommodate 1500 children. Twenty-three acres of land have 

 been taken in addition to the ground required for the building, in the cultivation of 

 which the children will be employed. 



On the Influence of the Factory System in the development of Pulmonary 

 Consumption. By Mr. Noble. 



Mr. Noble prefaced his observations by a statement that the opinions of medical 

 men were at variance as to the effect of the factory system on the health of the 

 operatives. 



In Manchester and Salford, according to the census of 1831, there were resident 

 49,392 families. The total deaths registered in 1839 amounted to 9223, of which 

 1454 were recorded as having been from consumption; that is, about one death 

 from consumption to every thirty-four families ; and in the total deaths from all 

 causes, three from consumption in every nineteen. 



In Essex, with a population of 62,403 families, the deaths from consumption in 

 1839 were 1201, and the total number of deaths 6352; the deaths from consumption 

 being less by about 250 than in Manchester, although the population of Essex in 1831 

 was 13,000 families above that of Manchester. The cases of consumption, however, 

 were fewer, relatively, in the factory district than in agricultural Essex, being in the 

 latter as four in twenty-one, in the former three in nineteen. 



In a district embracing Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, and the southern parts 

 of Lincolnshire, and comprising a population of 67,351 families, in 1839 the deaths 

 from all causes were 7306, and those from consumption 1308, or nearly one in 

 five, showing, as in the case of Essex, a much lower rate of mortality than that 

 of these districts, but a greater relative proportion of deaths from pulmonary com- 

 plaints. 



Mr. Noble then compared other large towns where there were no factories with 

 Manchester. In 1831 the population of Liverpool and West Derby was 43,026 

 families; in 1839 the number of deaths registered was 9181, being only forty- two 

 less than the number of deaths in Manchester. The deaths from consumption were 

 1762, or about 300 more than in Manchester. 



In 1831 the population of Birmingham was 23,934 families; in 1839 the number 

 of deaths registered was 3639; those from consumption being 668, being again a 

 smaller relative proportion than in Manchester. 



In 1831 the metropolitan districts contained 373,209 families; the deaths were 

 45,441 ; those from consumption 7104, being in the proportion of two to 105 fami- 

 lies, or three out of nineteen deaths from all causes. 



Considering that the township of Manchester contained a fair proportion of the 

 factory population, Mr. Noble had examined the registers of deaths from consump- 

 tion for the years 1838, 1839, 1840, limiting his inquiry to the ages between fifteen 

 and forty. In these three years he found that, with a population of about 160,000, 

 and with an average of 6000 deaths from all causes annually, there were 1141 

 registered deaths from consumption; of these 174 were of persons working in 

 factories. 



The factory operatives were divided thus : — 



Spinners 45 



Winders 49 



Piecers 28 



Rulers 15 



Carders 11 



Frame-tenders 11 



Not specified 15 



174 



