TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 99 



amounts 757 millions, or 51 per cent., were from or to European countries, 582 

 millions, or 39 per cent., from or to countries out of Europe, and 142 millions, or 10 

 per cent., from or to French colonies and fishing establishments. 



Mr. Jones concluded his paper by a long series of tables compiled from the pub- 

 lished official accounts of the French Custom-House, showing all the details of the 

 general and special commerce of France with England and the United States, and 

 the full details of the silk and cotton trade of France with all nations. 



On t/ie Advantages arising from Spade Husbandry and Agricultural Edu- 

 cation. By Mrs. Da vies Gilbert. 



In this communication, being a continuation of that made at Plymouth, Mrs. Dayies 

 Gilbert stated, that by careful weeding, manuring and cultivation of the land, some 

 of her tenants raised forty bushels of wheat per acre, and were paying double the 

 rent which she had received for the same land when it was in large farms ; and that 

 out of one hundred and twenty-four tenants among whom the land was now divided, 

 not one had fallen a single farthing into arrear since 1830. 



With regard to an Industrial School founded under her patronage, it appeared 

 that the schoolmaster paid yearly eleven pounds for his dwelling-house and school, 

 and three pounds per acre for three acres of land. His school consisted of twenty 

 boys, of the average age of eight years, who worked for him at out-door labour three 

 hours a day in return for three hours' instruction in reading, writing and accounts. 

 Such labour amply rewarded him for the instruction he gave them. 



On the Differences of the Quality of the Milk of Cows for t/ie different pur- 

 poses of Milk ana Cheese, numerically expressed. JBy G. Webb Hall. 



Mr. Webb Hall stated the result of a number of experiments which had been made 

 with a view to ascertain the relative richness of the milk of different cows, from 

 which it appeared that the variation was much greater than was usually supposed. 



On the Comparative Statistics of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge 

 in the I6tk, 17th, and \§th Centuries. By James Heywood, F.R.S. 



Mr. Heywood had compiled part of this paper from a list of the number of persons 

 who had received the degree of Bachelor of Arts at Oxford from 1518 to 1680, in 

 the Ashmolean Library at Oxford, and a list of the number of persons who had 

 obtained a similar degree at Cambridge from 1499 to 1658, in the library of the 

 British Museum. 



The number of degrees of Bachelor of Arts conferred in Cambridge, — 



In 1500 was 7 



In 1530 40 



In 1560 60 



In 1590 154 



In 1600 167 



In 1620 , 271 



In 1628 315 



From 1628 to 1658 the numbers decreased ; the annual average from 1648 to 



1658 being 174. 

 The lists of similar degrees granted at Oxford and Cambridge from 1830 to 



1840, showed that during the last ten years the increase had not been above the 



number of B.A. degrees granted in 1628, and other years in the early part of the 



first quarter of the 17th century. 



The number of B.A. degrees granted at Cambridge in 1630 was 291 ; in 1635, 



275; and in 1640, near the time of the civil wars, only 240: in 1830 it was 324 ; 



in 1835, 314; and in 1840, 339. 



H 2 



