ll 
at 
TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 103 
in confinement, and have under the microscope seen them escaping ea ovo; so that 
there can, in my own mind, be but little doubt on the matter. The young of Pali- 
nurus vulgaris differs from every other species with which I am acquainted. On 
escaping ea ovo the different parts are very obscure, from being so closely folded 
together; but in a few minutes they are sufficiently spread out to become recog- 
nizable by a moderate magnifying power. The carapace is globularly oval, slightly 
pointed or produced both at the anterior and posterior margin, and is slightly con- 
tracted anteriorly so as to give the appearance of a rostrum. The abdomen is 
moderately long, and from four of the six annulations of which it is formed arise 
eight pairs of tendril-like appendages. The lateral margin of each ring is expanded 
into a thin projecting process, from which-the articulated appendages arise. These 
tendrils are long, slender, and dichotomous. Their double character commences at 
the third joint, and afterwards they are nearlv of equal length, and both are covered 
with strongly marked spines, termination pointed. The caudal extremity is simple, 
contracted, pointed, and somewhat oval. On the centre of the rostrum is a dark 
spot. The eyes are on enormously long and stoutly club-shaped peduncles, which 
are attached by very narrow and slender points. The pedunculated eyes are about 
“two-thirds as long as the carapace. This concise description, with the figures 
—— 
accompanying it, will sufficiently explain the great differences between this and the 
young of all the other species hitherto described. So general is the Zoe form, that 
it has even passed into an expression with investigators of this branch of Natural 
History, and ‘‘ the Zoe condition”’ has been considered equivalent to ‘‘ the Embryo 
state” in speaking of these creatures. ‘The contrast between the present species 
and that of others is very great. In them the eyes are sessile, in this enormously 
pedunculated ; in them the feet are beneath the carapace, in this they are attached 
to what, for clearness, I have called the abdominal rings. Instead, therefore, of 
belonging to the genus Zoe, I would place it in Phyllosoma of Milne-Edwards, 
belonging to the Stomapodes. 
On British Naked-eyed Meduse, with notices of seven undescribed forms. 
By JosrerH R. GREENE. 
The author commenced by alluding to the progress which had been made in the 
study of the Naked-eyed Medusz since the publication of Professor E. Forbes’s mono- 
graph; the researches of Agassiz, Leuckhardt, and Gegenbaur being more especially 
dwelt on. He next gave a list of the Acalephe which he had hitherto observed on 
the Dublin coast, in all amounting to twenty-five species. The Siphonophorz were 
represented by the beautiful Agalmopsis of Sars; the Ctenophore by two species 
of Cydippe—one of Beroe, and the Mnemia Norvegica ; the Steganophthalmata by 
all the British species, except Pelagia; and the Gymnophthalmata by thirteen 
species, six of which were new to science. In addition to the above, two other 
species of Thaumantias had been taken in Belfast Bay, one the T. lineata, the other 
a new species, which he proposed to name T. Pattersonii. 
' The author then proceeded to describe the seven new species which he had dis- 
covered. Three of these were referred to the genus Thaumantias, one to Bougain- 
villea, one to Equorea, one to Steenstrupia, and one was deemed sufficiently remark- 
able to induce him to establish a new genus for its reception. This last animal was 
particularly interesting, since it was, in all probability, identical with the medusoids 
produced from Coryne, as observed in Iceland by Professor Steenstrup. 
The author also noticed that in this medusa reproduction took place by gemma- 
tion from the tentacles themselves, as also from the tentacular bulbs. He had 
observed the latter mode to occur in his new species of Steensirupia. The develop- 
ment of medusoids from Laomedea geniculata was next alluded to: in all the cases 
which the author had himself observed, the medusoids were free and detached, nor 
in any instance was he able to corroborate the statement of Loven, ‘‘ that the medu- 
soids merely expanded at the summit of the ‘ ovigerous vesicle,’ discharged ova, 
and then perished.”’ He did not, however, wish to deny the correctness of Loven’s 
description. The free medusoids were probably males. Allusion was also made to 
the observations of Dr. T.S. Wright and Mr. C. W. Peach. The author concluded 
by calling the aftention of members to the study of this interesting group of animals. 
