TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 127 
necessarily modified and moulded in adaptation with the cranial conformation. In 
these heads, the cerebellar compartment is not in the least degree larger than in 
European crania. 
— 
On the Character, Extent, and Ethnological Value of the Indo-European 
Element in the Language of Finland. By Ricuarp Cott, F.S.A. 
The author stated that his would differ from the ordinary form in which papers 
and communications are presented to the Section. The shortness of time allowed 
for each paper, the difficulty and extent of the inquiry, and the inability of phi- 
lological papers to arrest the continuous attention of a mixed audience, induced him 
to describe simply the method of his investigation, to read portions of two chapters 
of his forthcoming work on the Finn language, to state some consequences which 
result from the discovery of the great relationship of the Finn language, and to offer 
a few remarks in conclusion. 
The existence of Greek and Latin words in the Finn language was pointed out by 
Juslenius in 1712; and Palmroth had previously, in 1685, called attention to certain 
Greek words in the language. Professor Key drew attention to the subject in 1846, 
in ashort notice of the ‘Grammatica Lapponica’ by Fiellstrém, Stockholm, 1738, and 
the ‘Grammatica Finnica’ by Vhael, Abo, 1733, in a paper entitled “‘ The Lapp and 
Finn tongues not unconnected with the Indo-European Family. By T. Hewitt 
Key, A.M.*” Mr. Wedgwood has since drawn attention to the subject by pointing 
out a number of words which he deems to have miscellaneous affinities with many 
of the Indo-European languagest. Their views, however, are not generally accepted. 
The base or root of most Finn words is bisyllabic. The syllables commonly begin 
with a consonant and end with a vowel: some syllables, however, end with a con- 
~ sonant, of which the most common are k, J, m, n, s and t, but 2, s and ¢ are the only 
consonants found at the end of words. A few syllables occur with two final con- 
sonants, and some with two initial consonants ; but these are in recently imported 
words of Swedish origin and chiefly Biblical proper names. A 
The Swedish words which have been incorporated in the Finn language have 
either naturally, or by artificial means, the peculiarities which characterize Finn 
words, as in the following examples :— 
Swedish. : Finn. English, 
Venus .....5 abesaeeensvoves WEDUBL sovecssvencecsece .... Venus, 
Kassa .....see0s —— IR ARE Hixcowsemueciovione peaass Cash. 
Kaffe  v.vcscveivenesen eked pEMITWE denon onsmoseanes «+eeesCoftee, 
hy oe ea tevesbacesss SAPO ccacrscnensnasssacaessens Soap 
Stalipsedascentaena Boca tese MUO atiesseccay eeareeeeey oo Chair 
VAGKO SS ssacancrteataaiecoss' Lasku... coer ewe eaeer verte +» Pork 
RGGHGL ocd cc acacstuess secs Kahweli .....+.... Weseen ith. Fork 
Fyjeder ......... Buse aeons ee Wietaril .....s.ccccsceseeses ..-Pen. 
NGlde wcocscrccssese erence Was Se seeed de sedecooasns ..++Glass 
Silatiseesacsasses Tekan eaeredscnanraeaces Bogotnepencesee Street, 
BO8BA ceseccoceccecsseasrass Pyssa ...0+0 Cloves danvanrieems Musket. 
Dosa..scccreee saleable PPAR LL actscctecstsensened ta: Box. 
Mactorssce<s-- sas eet "PabtOnls. arentusthiasenere «-... Doctor. 
Gips ....-. Seeeaanease eh os Kipsi .........0. arenes saneeee Gypsum 
Krydda.........cseceeee saeeERY YUL woccccsescncensetepessers Spice 
Skraddare ...... meskoaeee PUstall, anessrceccccebsosnechs Tailor 
Flagga ....... ea ene De Wemean acetate. ccsneane tress Flag 
Muff...... Neeeeaw secs casees Muhwi ....... 3 ee usataneds Muff. 
TRFOL wisccoutiacasuateasthe WENO scases cncssesccstans +» Screw. 
* Proceedings of the Philological Society for 1846. + Ubid. for 1856-57. 
t In the Finn orthography f is written by w; 3, d and g hard are unknown to the Finn, 
except under peculiar conditions, ‘The general principles of Swedish orthography obtain in 
the Finn language. 
