TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 155 
profitable to employ their people in extracting palm oil than in kidnapping and selling 
them for slaves. I mention these few, and might mention fifty other instances, in 
which the results of other branches of science come under our department, and are 
to be considered with a great deal of care and attention, in order that we may arrive 
at correct results. Some people have,or had, at least some years ago, a sort of 
dread that attention to these subjects would lead us to be too worldly and too 
attentive to gain; not considering that our pursuit has no more necessary connexion 
with the acquisition of wealth, than it has with charity, Charity everybody allows 
to be a virtue; but there is hardly any vice that produces so much mischief as mis- 
directed charity; and how charity may be so directed, and distress so relieved 
or prevented, as to occasion the greatest good and the least evil, is a matter that 
comes within our department. This world is the place in which we are fixed, and 
in which our duties are to be performed ; and it is absolutely necessary, if we would 
perform our duties aright, that we should know the circumstances under which 
those duties are to be performed. A person is not excused from merely meaning 
well if he neglects to acquaint himself with all the circumstances which will en- 
able him to carry his good intentions into effect; and therefore it is, that, although 
I have said our department is conversant in matters pertaining to this world, yet this 
world is connected with the next, as it is the same God that is the author of both 
worlds; and it is most essential that we should be acquainted with the circumstances 
that regulate human transactions wherein our duties lie. On these subjects I hope 
some very interesting and important communications will be made on this and on 
succeeding days. 
: 
, 
. 
; 
On the Car Establishment of Mr. Bianconi in Ireland. By C, Brancont. 
Referring to the synopsis of my establishment, submitted in a concise form to 
the Association at its Session in Cork, in 1843, I now take the liberty of submitting 
some further particulars, embracing its origin, with its present condition, and the 
extent of its operations. 
My establishment originated immediately after the peace of 1815, having then had 
the advantage of a supply of first-class horses intended for the army, and rating in 
price from ten to twenty pounds each, one of which drew a car and six persons with 
‘ease seven miles an hour. ‘Ihe demand for such horses having ceased, the breeding 
_of them naturally diminished, and, after some time, I found it necessary to put two 
inferior horses to do the work of one. Finding I thus had extra horse power, I in- 
-ereased the size of the car, which held six passengers—three on each side—to one 
capable of carrying eight ; and in proportion as the breed of horses improved, I con- 
‘tinued te increase the size of the cars for summer work, and to add to the number of 
horses in winter for the conveyance of the same number of passengers, until I con- 
-yerted the two-wheeled two-horse cars into four-wheeled cars, drawn by two, three 
or four horses, according to the traffic on the respective roads and the wants of the 
_ public. This freedom of communication has greatly added to the elevation of the 
 Jower classes; for, in proportion as they found that travelling by car, with a saving 
of time, was cheaper than walking with a loss of it, they began to appreciate the value 
of speedy communication, and hence have been, to an almost incalculable extent, 
travellers by my cars, where, mixing with the better orders of society, their own moral 
_ elevation has been of a decided character. 
____ As the establishment extended, I was surprised and delighted at its commercial and 
moral importance; I found, as soon as I had opened communication with the interior, 
the consumption of manufactured goods had greatly increased. The competition of 
parties availing themselves of the facilities of travelling was so great, that instead of 
_ buying at second-hand, after many profits, they were enabled to obtain the supplies 
nearer the manufacturer—in the more remote parts of Ireland. For instance, on 
my opening the communicution from Tralee to Cahirciveen in the south, Galway 
_ to Clifden in the west, and Ballina to Belmullet in the north-west, purchasers were 
fe obliged to give eight pence or nine pence a yard for calico for shirts subsequently sold 
a for three pence and four peice, thus enabling that portion of the population who could 
previously badly afford only one shirt each to have two for a less price than was paid 
for one, and in the same ratio other commodities came into general use at reduced 
prices. 
