ON THE MOTIONS AND SOUNDS OF THE HEART. 165 
escaped from subclavian vein on opening chest, and coagulated 
afterwards. A mass of greenish-yellow lymph in the media- 
stinum. The cellular membrane highly vascular and easily torn. 
Flakes of lymph on lower anterior left lung. External pericar- 
dium marked with many straight vessels, and intermediate red 
strie giving bright redness to the whole. Same in a slight 
degree on the interior of the pericardium, which contained two 
ounces of yellow serum. At base of heart most redness. Cel- 
lular substance here somewhat infiltrated with serum ; whole 
interior of surface of heart healthy, except some slight thick- 
ening and opacity of the mitral valve. A wound plugged with 
lymph found on the anterior face of right ventricle. 
OsseERvaATIon II. 
June 19th.—Subject, an Ass ten weeks old. Pulse 48, re- 
gular and pretty strong. Animal weak. By pressing between 
the fingers and thumb the cardiac region, the thumb being on 
the third rib and left side, a loud blowing was excited with the 
first sound, which ceased on removing the pressure. After se- 
veral repetitions of this experiment a short filing sound heard 
(by two members of the Committee) after the second sound, 
the first being clear. On repeating the pressure more strongly 
two murmurs were heard (by the same observers), one with tlie 
first sound and continuing after it, and one with the second 
sound (which was also weakened) and continuing after it. 
After being fifteen minutes at liberty, the animal had a deep- 
toned blowing with the first sound, which soon ceased, but the 
murmur after the second sound continued. 
June 20th, 8 a.m. Some murmur or filing after the second 
sound as before. A long needle was passed two inches and a 
half deep vertically to the fourth rib along the upper margin 
three inches from the sternum. A strong double motion was 
given to the needle, and a blowing, resembling a cooing, accom- 
panied the first sound. The heart’s action was increased 
though the animal seemed faint. 
June 2ist. Pulse 60. The needle again introduced three 
inches. As before, the needle presented rhythmical movements 
sternad and dorsad ; that dorsad being slow and forcible, and 
synchronous with the first sound ; that sternad being sudden, 
_like a fall back from gravitation, and accompanying the second 
sound. A murmur of a blowing or whistling kind heard with 
the systole and diastole also, the latter variously described by 
different observers. Murmurs and sounds were variously al- 
tered and impaired by pressing the needle flat in different di- 
rections ; on withdrawing the needle, murmurs were heard with 
