178 REPORT—1840. 
system of living in lodgings is also less extensive in Hull, and there are 
only 6239 heads of families occupying houses, as distinguished from 
chambers, out of the total number of 8757 heads of families ; whereas 
in a corresponding table for the township of Pendleton, near Man- 
chester, about nine-tenths of the heads of families are recorded as 
occupying houses. Under 10 years of age, only 43 children were 
found at work in Hull, while in Pendleton, with one quarter of the 
population, there were 37. Between the ages of 10 and 15 there were 
twice as many at work in Pendleton in proportion to the population, 
and between 15 and 21 years of age the proportion was also somewhat 
larger. One-third of the adults whose occupation was recorded in 
Pendleton were females, as also were about nine-twentieths of the 
minors at work; while in Hull little more than one-third of the minors 
at work were females, and not quite one-fourth of the adults. The 
proportion of persons under 21 years of age is smaller in Hull than in 
Pendleton, and there is also less employment for children and females 
in Hull. The relative proportion of the sexes does not differ mate- 
rially. But the most remarkable contrast between Hull and the Lan- 
cashire towns appears in the country from which the people spring. In 
Hull above 95 per cent. of the heads of families were English, only 2 
per cent. Irish, and 13 per cent. Scotch ; and taking the whole adult 
population, the proportions are— 
eta his Salas, ajere aie ore. t a dasarighs 95°08 per cent. 
Bey 2 zeal- yin i cayengie ehekere-ciala ‘sie & bane 2:24 — 
oo | CNN I I a SNR er oe! 6 ae 
BaOreignetss ai A in. digits cor, 98 vais ase 84 — 
Welsh it s:55 tba OPP Rie e ees See wos aie 48  — 
100°00 
In Liverpool and Manchester the Irish form no inconsiderable portion 
of the whole working class. In Manchester more than one-sixth of 
the heads of families amongst the labouring population were Irish ; and 
taking Manchester and Salford together, the Irish constitute one- 
sixth, the Welsh one-thirtieth, and the Scotch one-fiftieth of the whole, 
while in Liverpool the proportion of Welsh is much greater than in 
Manchester. Among the day schools of Hull the agent remarked the 
existence of a large number of charity schools. There were two 
proprietary schools, one chiefly supported by churchmen, the other by 
dissenters. The poor-house schools appeared both clean and orderly, 
and were conducted on a system somewhat assimilating to that of Dr. 
Bell. The infant schools, of which there were several, were of com- 
paratively recent establishment. So far as the opportunity was afforded 
for observing the condition and management of the dame schools, they 
appeared to be equal to the same class of schools in Birmingham, and 
superior to those of Liverpool and Manchester. They were generally 
tolerably clean, and not so confined as in the large manufacturing 
towns. The following statement of the proportion of day scholars to 
the total population has been prepared, showing, by comparison with 
the numbers in other districts previously examined, that the result for 
