98 REPORT — 1856. 



Older Tertiary — Nunimulitic. 



Foraminifera 2 



Echinodermata 3 



Conchifera 8 



Gasteropoda 10 



Total — 23 



Newer Tertiary — " Falunian " (D'Orbigny). 



Amorphozoa 2 



Conchifera 27 30 



Gasteropoda 19 34 



46 66 112 



Species before described . . . 236 I Total number of species col- 

 New species 74 | lected 320 



Remarks on the Fossils. 

 On referring to the table of Jurassic fossils, it was shown that the most numerous 

 classes represented in the Crimea from that formation are the Zoopliyta, Brachiopoda, 

 and Cephalopoda-^the Conchifera and Gasteropoda being the fewest. In the lowest 

 class, the Amorphozoa — a group of rare occurrence in this formation — a new form of 

 Sponge has been collected by Capt. Cockburn, from the red Jurassic limestone near 

 the Monastery of St. George. Of the Zoophyta nearly all the specimens received 

 have been identified with species found in the coralline and inferior oolite of this 

 country. The Echinodermata are principally spines belonging to the genus Cidaris ; 

 with these are joints of crinoids (Apiocrinites) from near Balaklava, and portions of 

 stems of Pentacrinites from the interior of the Crimea. Of the Brachiopoda, the cha- 

 racteristic lias species, Terehraiula numismaUs, has been obtained from Woronzoff 

 Road. Four are new species — two of these belonging to the genus Rhi/nchonella ; 

 others of the same genus have been identified with inferior oolite and marlstone spe- 

 cies. In the lias shales of the Woronzoff Road were found several specimens of a 

 bivalve, identified with Astarte complanata (Roemer), together with a new form of 

 Cardium allied to an inferior oolite species. The Gasteropoda are represented only 

 by a large species of Natica from the red limestone near the Monastery of St. George, 

 and a fragment of Nerinea, probably A^. (^randis, from the village Djanalai. The 

 Cephalopoda, of which the Ammonites belong mostly to the fimbriated group, have 

 been described by M. d'Orbigny, together with one species of Belemnites from Kobsel 

 and Biasali. 



In the list of Cretaceous fossils are included those mentioned by M. Du Bois de 

 Montpereux in his table of fossils from the Neocomian to the chalk found at Baktchi 

 Serai ; from the Neocomian of that locality he tabulates sixty-five species. The 

 Upper Cretaceous, including the Upper greensand. Chalk marl, and Upper chalk, are 

 richest in Conchifera, of which there are thirty-two species. Many of these were col- 

 lected by Capt. Cockburn from the Upper chalk of Inkermann, several of them being 

 identical with characteristic chalk fossils. Associated with these were found many 

 specimens of a large Crania, identified with the Crania spi7iulosa of l>ii\ssor\, Hni most 

 probably the same species as that mentioned by Du Bois in his table imder the name 

 of Crania mimmidits from Baktchi Serai. 



From the Nummulitic formation, belonging to the Older Tertiary, only twenty- 

 three species are known, most of these being included by M. Du Bois in his table of 

 cretaceous fossils. The Nummulites are refei-red by M. d'Orbigny to two species 

 only, viz. NummuUles nnmnmlaria and N. mamilla from near Simferopol. Three 

 species of Echinoderms from this formation are mentioned in M. d'Orbigny's ' Pro- 

 drome de Paleontologie,' a remarkable form of wliich, the Conoclypus conoideus, is in 

 this collection, from near Simferopol; it has also been described as from near the 

 River Salghir. Of Conchifera eight species are tabulated, the most characteristic of 

 ■which is the Ostrea gigantica (Brander). Ten species of Gasteropoda are also noticed, 

 one of them being the Cerithium giyanteum, a large cast of whicli, together with the 

 last-named oyster from Simferopol, is also in this collection. 



The list of Newer Tertiary, or Steppe limestone fossils, includes those described by 



