220 REPORT—1843. 
At present, however, I have not been able to appreciate the distinction be- 
tween the molar teeth of the Mast. longirostris, Kaup, and those of the 
Mast. angustidens, Cuvier, the supposed specific distinction being, in fact, 
afforded by the form and proportion of the lower jaw, which may prove to 
be a sexual character. As the other molars of the Mastodon correspond 
equally with the Mast. angustidens and Mast. longirostris, I shall refer them 
to the species first defined by Cuvier. The British fossil above mentioned 
was discovered by Mr. J. B. Wigham in 1838, in the fluvio-marine crag at 
Postwick. 
The first representation of any fossil relic of a Mastodon from British 
strata was given by William Smith: it forms the frontispiece of his original 
4to work, ‘ Strata identified by Organized Fossils, 1816. The fossil figured 
is the last molar tooth of the left side of the upper jaw of the Mast. an- 
gustidens, and was discovered in the fluvio-marine crag at Whitlingham, on 
the right bank of the Yare, within five miles of Norwich. The crown of the 
tooth supports five subalternate pairs of mammilloid cones, with a tuberculated 
posterior ridge: the summits of the first three pairs of cones are worn down 
by mastication, as in a corresponding molar of the Mast. angustidens from 
Peru, figured by Cuvier in the ‘ Ossemens Fossiles,’ tom. i. Divers Masto- 
dontes, pl. 1. fig. 6: the resemblance is extremely close. 
Mr. Wigham likewise discovered a molar tooth of the Mast. angustidens 
in one of the pits excavated in the fluvio-marine crag at Thorpe near Nor- 
wich. Here, likewise, another molar tooth of the Mast. angustidens was found 
by Mr. Fitch of Norwich. Detached molars, or fragments of molars of the 
same species of Mastodon, have been discovered in the same formation, at 
Horstead by the Rev. J. Gunn, at Bramerton by the late Mr. Woodward, 
and at Easton cliff between Dunwich and Sizewell by Capt. Alexander, who 
possesses likewise two specimens from the sea-shore, washed out of the same 
fluvio-marine crag. Thus the not-long-since questionable occurrence of 
genuine mastodontal remains in England is placed beyond doubt: they have, 
hitherto, been exclusively found in a formation referable to the older pliocene 
division of the tertiary period. 
Genus Lhinoceros. 
The remains of this genus are much more abundant in this country than 
those of the Mastodon, and are associated in the more superficial strata with 
the remains of the Mammoth; extending, however, like these, as low as the 
fluvio-marine crag, but being more commonly found in caverns than are the 
bones or teeth of the more bulky Mammoth. 
Those fossils of the Rhinoceros from British formations, hitherto examined 
by me and susceptible of satisfactory identification with determinate species, 
belong to the great two-horned Rhinoceros tichorhinus of Cuvier, which is 
associated in like manner with the Mammoth in Siberia. A few fossils have 
yielded indications of a second species. 
Cuvier says with respect to a portion of the lower jaw discovered in digging 
a well at Thame in the county of Oxford, and formerly in the Leverian 
Museum, that, judging from the figure given of it in Douglas's ‘ Dissertation 
on the Antiquity of the Earth*,’ it seems to belong to the Rhinoceros lepto- 
rhinus. Ihave not been able as yet to trace out this specimen, in order to 
ascertain how far the original would confirm the conjecture of Cuvier. 
The molar tooth from the fluvio-marine crag at Bramerton, preserved in the 
Museum of Natural History at Norwich, has been supposed to belong to the 
Rhinoceros leptorhinus ; it bears a closer resemblance to the corresponding 
*® 4to, 1785. 
