TRANSACTIONS OF THE SECTIONS. 81 
several interesting facts have been established which may be of future importance in 
their collateral bearing upon matters of more general interest and importance than 
the mere discovery of isolated species or forms. In regard however to one entirely 
new form, there are some points of peculiar interest to which J shall presently take 
an opportunity of referring. 
I haye thought it best to consider the species procured under three heads. Of 
the species found in the northern cruises of Mr. M‘Andrew, in the first instance 
alone, and afterwards accompanied by Prof. Forbes, I will enumerate those found 
_ in water under twenty fathoms; and secondly, those in water above that depth ; 
and thirdly, those which have been found in the excursion which these gentlemen 
__ have recently concluded along the south-western coast. The following is the list of 
_ the more interesting species found principally in Loch Fyne, in water under twenty 
_ fathoms. Of the natatorial type of the Brachyura we have only two species, 
Portunus corrugatus and depurator; and amongst the Macrura, Pandalus annulicornis, 
and a new species of Hippolyte, to which I propose to give the name of H. MacAndree. 
In deeper water the forms are more interesting. In Loch Fyne we have Ebalia Pen- 
nantii ; off Zetland Ebalia Cranchii, a species first discovered on the south-west coast ; 
Eurynome aspera occurs off the Isle of Man; Atelecyclus heterodon, Lithodes arcticus 
in Loch Fyne, off the Isle of Man, and off the coast of Zetland ; Galathea nexa and 
its near ally Munida Rondeletii (G. rugosa of authors), both in deep water off Zetland 
and in Loch Fyne; and here I would make a remark or two on these two species. 
The localities in which they were found upon this occasion prove them both to be deep 
sea species, which other observations have also shown. I would also remark that the 
possession of a new species closely allied to our native species of Leach’s genus Munida, 
procured by my friend Mr. Darwin in his voyage, clearly shows the propriety of Leach’s 
having separated generically the Galathea rugosa from the other species of that 
Fabrician genus; and as the latter is absolutely more rugose than the species origi- 
nally so designated, I have thought it proper to assign to it a new specific appellation, 
_ and have given it that of Rondeletii, after the first naturalist who distinguished and 
- figured it. Of Galathea neva I have only to remark, that there is no one character 
to indicate any difference in its habits from its immediate congeners, G. squamifera 
and strigosa, and yet both the latter are shore species, where, as far as I know, G. nexa 
is always found in deep water. On the latter species was found a parasite of the 
- genus Bopyrus, which will probably prove to be a new species. Crangon Cata- 
phractus (Pontophilus spinosus of Leach) was found off Zetland, and to these I have 
to add Leachia lacertosa of Johnston. But by far the most interesting of all the ac- 
quisitions of my friends in their northern cruises, is the discovery of an entirely new 
genus of the fossorial type of the Macroura, belonging to the family of the Thalassi- 
nidz, but differing in many important characters from all known genera of that 
group. In the first place, instead of the monstrous and abnormal character of the 
first pair of thoracic members, we find them here of nearly the normal construction 
| of the higher and more typical macrourous forms. But the most remarkable cir- 
| cumstance connected with this animal has yet to be mentioned. It was found in 
| one instance at the depth of no less than 180 fathoms, and as at this great depth it 
is also fossorial amongst sandy mud, we can scarcely imagine of what use any organs 
- of vision could be to an animal so situated. I find accordingly, that although it 
| possesses eyes, they are of no avail as organs of distinct vision, as they possess no pig- 
_ ment, nor, as far as I have observed, have they cornez ; and I presume that the 
_ other parts essential for high powers of sight are also wholly wanting. Amongst a 
collection of the crustacea of the coasts of Ireland, formed by Mr. Thompson, and 
which he has obligingly placed in my hands, I found a pair of peculiar claws of some 
" species of crustacea with which I was wholly unacquainted; they were taken from 
the stomach of some deep-water ground-feeding fish, and I now discover that they 
belong to the species in question. Mr. M‘Andrew took it alive in Loch Fyne and 
the Mull of Galloway, by the dredge; and that gentleman and Prof. Forbes after- 
wards obtained it off Zetland. 
_ The recent cruise of my friends round the western coast has been fruitful in the 
acquisition of species of interest, although only one addition has been made by it to 
| the list of English crustacea, The more usual species, Stenorhynchus tenuirostris, 
| Atelecyclus heterodon, Portwnus depurator and pusillus, Gonoplox angulata, Eurynome 
1846. G 
