40 REPORT— 1848. 
cessation occurs in September, when the monthly minimum of 22 inches in August 
of the S.W. monsoon is reduced to 7°3 inches. The N.E. monsoon commences in 
October with 38°2 inches, gradually diminishing in amount until January, the last 
month of the N.E. monsoon, when the fall in 1846 was reduced to 4°6 inches, the 
whole fall in the four months of the N.E. monsoon being about 75 inches. Fe- 
bruary, March and April are the precursors of the S.W. monsoon, and September 
intermediate between the termination of the S.W. monsoon and the commencement 
of the N.E. monsoon. The average annual fall of rain upon this elevated table-land 
during the day and during the night does not appear to differ materially, although it 
is somewhat in excess at night, being 123°] inches to 112°7 inches during the day. 
The excess at night however does not hold good through all the months. In May 
there were 171 inches by night and 19°7 inches by day; in August 8°8 inches by 
night and 13°3 inches by day; and in September 1°9 inch by night and 5°6 inches 
by day. Neither is there any uniformity in the fall of rain in the same months of 
the two monsoons in successive years, but the maximum monthly fall will be found 
in one of the four months of the respective monsoons, although it may occur in 
May in one year and in August in the following, or in October of one year and in 
December of the next in the N.E. monsoon. While 235°8 inches fell in 1846 at 
Uttree Mullay, 69°9 inches only fell at Trevandrum, and 74°7 inches at Quilon; in 
May 11°4 inches fell at Trevandrum, but 22°7 inches at Quilon on the coast; in 
October the case was reversed, 17°5 inches fell at Trevandrum and only 9°4 inches 
at Quilon. In 1844-45 an instance was given of a fall of 9 inches of rain in one 
day, on the 10th of October, at Uttree Mullay; and on the 26th of November of 
7°35 inches. Nothing similar to the first fall occurred in 1846, the greatest being 
7°6 inches on the 25th of May; and there are three instances of a daily fall of nearly 
7 inches on the 24th of April, 12th of July, and the 13th of October. The monthly 
mean temperature at Uttree Mullay, at 6 a.m., varied only from 57°°5 in January to 
65°75 in August and September; at 2 p.m. from 66°°25 in June to 73°°75 in April ; 
and at 6 p.m. from 62°25 to 67° in the months of April and July. The annual 
mean at the respective hours was 63°, 69° and 65°°16, and the mean of the whole 
observations 65°°66. The extreme annual range of the thermometer was from 55°5 
on the 31st of January and 15th of December to 78° on the 6th, 21st and 22nd of 
April, so that the extremes differed from the mean by only 10°16 minus and 12°34 
plus. With such limited general results it would be superfluous to particularize 
monthly variations of temperature. 
Abstract. 
Uttree Mullay. 
Months in 1846. Rain. Thermometer. 
Day. Night. Total. | 6A.M.|2pP.m. | 6 P.M. 
inches. inches. 1 acai. 
January «cs..seee 3°050 1-600 4°650| 574 66% 624 
February ......... 0-400 0-050 0450; 60 682 64 
March........+0.. 0:550 0-175 0:725| 62% 7k 643 
YE Taseaessaeaee 4-050 5:550 9-600| 643 733 67 
Mity” -feeceveese es 17:100| 19-700} 36-500) 64% 72 66% 
JUNG es. voces es 28-700 | 23:300) 51-050} 643 663 64% 
DBALY ans S0hs Seretnne 17-400} 14°675| 33:325)| 63 68 67 
August ......... 8:850| 13°375| 22-125) 65% 683 66} 
September ......|  1°925 5-600 7325 | 653 | 70 | 66} 
| October ......... 23°750| 14:200| 38-250] 643 68 642 
November ...... 10°325 | 11:350| 21°675) 634 683 65 
December ...... 7-100 3200] 10-200} 60 66% 63% 
Grand total...} 123-200 | 112°775 | 235°875| 63 69 654 
