164 REPORT—1845. 
Thus 100 parts of the coal were broken up into the following products :— 
CarDONl prinac eine oi sod. Ati Mua ian lila eases y= a gee 
URE tee Brake ei ey oe sp etce! sth tap, Seanee a. coer ead 
WV ACER vo igus Vn Makin, uel oy) of CLO get ot teen 
Carburetted hydrogen. . . . . 1707 . . 6°638 
Carbonic oxide. . . . . . « O42. . 1602 
Carbone atid ss ee es fk LUO sy oe 
Condensed hydrocarbons. . . . O°7132 . . 0513 
Sulphuretted hydrogen . . . . O°065 «. « 0253 
Hiydragens hee tS OOS t sh St Oe 
ureiioriin® ee eo PRATT Es UY SHOR cl Ones 
25°717 100:000 
The 67-228 carbon in the above analysis must escape altogether as car- 
bonic oxide, if a part of it were not converted into carbonic acid at the ex- 
pense of the oxygen of the iron ore. In order to determine the quantity of 
carbonic acid thus produced, we must refer to the details of the Alfreton 
iron-works, in which the following materials are used for the production of 
140 lbs. of pig-iron :— 
4.20 Ibs. calcined iron ore; 390 lbs. coal; 170 lbs. limestone. 
According to the above experiment, 100 parts of the coal used give 67:228 
of coke; but this quantity of coke does not correspond exactly to that of the 
carbonic oxide formed during its combustion. It is necessary before calcu- 
lating this to deduct the amount of ashes contained in the coal, and the fol- 
lowing analysis of the Furnace-coal of Alfreton gives us the data for the cal- 
culation :— 
Carian a3) 6. Yi hite (ns te Deep hin the) TBS 
Hydrogen Sirach ster ean 
ORV BER se. ie etiieitie oh SP ate OTT 
NLR RRR einem asts®, [wooo tte Hie 30, 9 OTS 
Hygrometric water... .- - 7°50 
ASHES s)he) lei otf fo J shite « 268 
* 
100:00 
As the 2:68 of ashes must be deducted from the 67:228 of coke, the latter 
corresponds to 64°548 of pure carbon. Part of this carbon however enters 
into combination with the iron, and is thus withdrawn from combustion. If 
we take, according to the analysis of Bromeis +, 3°3 per cent. as the average 
amount of carbon in cast iron, there must be 1'18 subtracted from the 64°548 
of carbon, because the proportion of iron produced to coaLused is 35°8 : 100. 
If we conceive the remainder 63°368 carbon to be burnt with air to carbonic 
oxide, we obtain as the product of combustion a mixture of— 
Nitrogen . » « « « + .285°100 
Carbonic oxide . . . . 147°858 
Of this 147-858 carbonic oxide, part is converted into carbonic acid at the: 
expense of the oxygen in the iron ore. The quantity of cast iron produced 
from 100 of coal is 35°8, and corresponds to 34°62 of pure iron, for the re- 
duction of which 14°83 oxygen must have been given over to the carbonic 
oxide gas. By this means 25°952 of the latter would be converted into 40°782 
* The ammonia escaping with the gases out of the condensed alcoholic water is neglected 
in this calculation. 
+ Bromeis, Liebig’s Ann. der Chem. B, xliii. 8, 243, 
