i 
ON THE GASES EVOLVED FROM IRON FURNACES. 165 
of carbonic acid. The quantity of limestone added to 100 of coal is 43°59. 
This limestone consists, according to our analysis, of— 
Dame eee heels he Vv Gad 
Carbonic acid. . . . . . 429 
Magnesia . «s+ « + « « O06 
Adoring sete SF 6 nie Meier; OS 
Moisture andloss. . . . -. 1% 
100°0 
We must therefore introduce into the calculation, that 18°7 of carbonic 
acid are evolved from the limestone for every 100 parts of coal. By noticing 
all these observations the result is obtained, that 100 parts of coal thrown 
into the mouth of the furnace is reduced to 67°228 coke, by the loss of ga- 
seous matter, and that this quantity, by passing into combustion when it has 
descended to the tuyére, produces a gas which, mixed with the nitrogen of 
the air and the carbonic acid from the limestone, passes back to the mouth 
of the furnace in the form of a gas consisting of— 
Nitromen st. st «eae OU 
Carbonic acid . .. .. 59482 
Carbonic oxide . .'. . 121°906 
464°248 
If this quantity be added to the products of distillation of 100 parts of 
coal, the following composition is obtained for the gases escaping from the 
furnace :— 
: Il. 
According to weight. According to volume. 
IETOREM hei e hen ist.y-6 itn tah OOROD 60°907 
Cannanlesgeit ns 6.6% 4 #4 34 Bo4'0))) LAGS 8°370 
Carbonic oxide . . 2.0) * 26006 26°846 
Light carburetted hydrogen @ oe fee od B97 2°536 
Hydrogen Mh ete Sates pave ee APRA 1126 
Condensed hydrocarbons oie thea, OFLOS, 0°112 
Sulphuretted rib oa oe 4 tal, ONS 0°04.5 
Ammonia. . . wt hohe, Mee Oat 0:058 
100-000 100000 
From the numbers given in I. we may compare the proportion of the heat 
realized in the furnace during the process with that which escapes in the 
form of useful combustible matter. 
These are generated by the combustion of— 
59°559 Nitwoper) 3). secs oe.” 0000 
12°765 Carbonic acid. . . . . . . +. 0000 
26:006 Carbonic oxide . . A a ote GBUG TE 
1397 Light carburetted hydrogen Bete SOG 
O78 Hydrovemy ites ar eS OU Od 
0°108 Olefiant gas. . Salant s ey hao 
0°:053 Sulphuretted hydrogen . Sere a. hea 
Osu Ammomm pags ee) s,s. sh se | AG 
100°000 88374 
And therefore out of 100 of the gases, 88374 units of heat are generated. 
The units of heat, 88374, may be considered as the measure of the quanti- 
ties of heat capable of being realized by the combustion of the furnace-gases. 
In order to find the proportion of the fuel actually realized in the furnace to 
that lost, we have only to calculate the: units of heat produced in the furnace 
