ON THE GASES EVOLVED FROM IRON FURNACES. 175 
The gas collected six feet above the hearthstone of the furnace, and two 
feet nine inches above the tuyére, gave the following results by eudiometric 
analysis :— 
Volume. | Pressure. Temp. 1m.ato°C. 
Gas USed........ssecseessoaes es sedans ddveori 1413 | 04935 | 85 67°63 
After admission Of O........scsseeeseesescoeees 180°1 0°5323 8-5 92-98 
After COMbUStION ...0+0.cssereeeeeeeeereererers 156-5 | 0:5083 8:7 77:10 
After absorption of COg ..c..ceseseseeeeeeees 110-1 | 0-4688 9-0 49-97 
After admission Of H............csssecseeseeees 199:2 | 0:5493 9-0 105-93 
After explosion ......ssssessescceseseneereeeeues 155:7 | 0:5077 9:0 76:53 
The composition of this gas, calculated out of the preceding numbers by 
the equations just given, is— 
Nitrogen . . - + «+ 58°05 
Carbonic oxide . . - 37°43 
Hydrogen . - - - + 3°18 
Cyanogen . - + ~ - 1°34 
100°00 
If we calculate the proportion of the nitrogen (including also that in the 
cyanogen) to the oxygen contained in the gas, after subtracting a quantity - 
corresponding to the hydrogen, we obtain the numbers 79°2:22'8, which 
differ only 2 per cent. from the quantity of oxygen in atmospheric air. Now 
by calculating this gaseous mixture on the supposition that it does not con- 
tain cyanogen and consists merely of nitrogen, carbonic oxide, carburetted 
hydrogen and hydrogen, using the formule which we have provided for such 
cases, the following composition would result, which is not admissible under 
the circumstances in which the gas is formed :— 
Nitrogen. |. 3. + 59'39 
Carbonic oxide . . - 38°33 
Carburetted hydrogen . 1°79 
Pigeiroget ya.) eile ite, ae 
100°00 
Hence this calculation leads us to a composition in which nearly 2 per cent. 
of light carburetted hydrogen is present, an assumption which at once proves 
its inaccuracy, when we consider the point of the furnace at which the gas 
was collected. A consideration of the previous analyses explains the change 
suffered by the column of air in its ascent in the furnace. 
1 | uw. | ur | iv. | v. | vr | vi. VIIL, | Ix. 
34, 
Depth under the top .......... 5feet.| 8. 11. 14, | 17, | 20. 23. 24, 
Nitrogen....... secaveessececeses| 00°OD| 54°77] 52°57 50°95! 55-49] 60-46] 58:28 | 56°75 | 58-05 
Carbonic acid..,....s..sse00e 7-77| 9-42) 9-41] 9-10] 12-43] 10:83] 8-19] 10°08} 0-00 
Carbonic oxide ........s5.+++ 25-97| 20:24] 23-16} 19°32/ 18-77| 19-43) 29-97 | 25-19 | 37-43 
Light carburetted hydrogen | 3°75) 8:28) 4°57 6-64) 4:31| 4-40) 1:64) 2:83) 0-00 
Hydrogen ........sceeveesneee 6:73] 6°49] 9:38| 12-42} 7-62] 4:83) 4:92| 5°65; 318 
Olefiant gas . sf 0°43} 0°85} 0:95} 1:57] 1-38} 0-00} 0:00] 0:00) 0-00 
Cyanogen ..secessrsereseee see 0-00] 0-00} 0:00} 0-00} 0-00} 0-00| trace. | trace. | 1°34) - 
__ Aglance at the tabulated results shows that light carburetted hydrogen must 
~ be considered an essential constituent of the gaseous mixture, even at a depth 
