Bah: 
ON THE ICHTHYOLOGY OF THE SHAS OF CHINA AND JAPAN. 259 
scales, descend from the back past the middle. The vertical fins are vermilion-red, with 
four rows of round and oval straw-yellow spots occupying more space than the red, which 
however forms a border to the dorsal and anal. In the specimens only two rows of these yel- 
low spots remain on the dorsal, the outer half of the fins being red with a very slight mottling; 
but there is a dark spot on the dorsal, between the fifth and seventh spines, which is not 
shown in the figure. The corners of the caudal, both in the figure and specimens, are yellow, 
and in the figure there are various orange-coloured spots and bars on the head shaded with 
blue. The form of these can be traced on the specimens though the colour is gone. The 
dorsal spines have filamentous tips, and are shorter than the soft rays. Length of specimens 
and figure 53 and 6 inches. The anal spines vary from one to three, there being one or two 
additional jointed rays when the spines are deficient. 
Hab. China seas. Canton. Hong Kong. 
JULIS EXORNATUS, var. a.? Icon. Reeves, 258; Hardw. —. Chinese name, 
Ying ko yu (Reeves); “Parrot fish” (Birch); Ang ko u (Bridgem. 
Chrest. 63). 
Notwithstanding that this drawing and the following differ somewhat in form and in the 
numbers of the spinous rays from the preceding one as well as in colours, I have a strong 
suspicion that they are “all three representations of the same species in different conditions. 
The yellow corners of the caudal are common to them all. The marks on the head and on 
the dorsal are also on the same plan, and on comparing the numerous specimens of exornatus 
which we have seen, most of them appear intermediate in their markings between Mr. Reeves’s 
drawings G3. 10 and 258. 
In 258 the green colour of the body is varied by an elliptical orange-brown spot, placed 
vertically on each scale. There are three indistinct golden spots under the spinous rays and 
fore-half of the soft dorsal, and four yellow patches on the middle height of the tail posterior to 
the anus, which shade off into the green. The bars on the head are orange-brown, instead 
of orpiment-orange. The two basal rows of spots on the dorsal and anal are dull, and of a 
wax-yellow or olive-green colour, and the ground colour of these with their outer halves and 
the middle part of the caudal are cochineal-red or dark crimson. The corners of the caudal 
are bright yellow. The base of the pectoral is red, and there is a bluish shade on the supras 
axillary plate of the coracoid bone. Some blue marks exist also on the upper half of the 
spinous dorsal, most crowded between the fifth and seventh spines, where the dark mark of 
exornatus is placed. Length of figure nearly 7 inches. 
Hab. Sea of China. 
JULIs EXORNATUS, var. 3. Icon. Reeves, 86; Hardw.297. Chinese name, 
Ying ko le (Reeves, Birch); “ Parrot carp” (Birch); “ Parrot carp” 
(Reeves); Ang ko i (Bridgem. Chrest. 63). 
In this figure the head is marked and coloured like the preceding one, but the sides-are 
chequered by square golden spots which alternate with similar spaces of the ground colour, 
This is green, like the preceding varieties, on the head, along the back, and in the middle 
over the anus; but in the humeral region and on the tail it passes into indigo-blue. The 
belly is white, the white passing along above the base of the anal; while in the preceding 
figures, the ground colour, though paler, goes to the base of the fin. The dorsal is coloured 
not much unlike that of the preceding, but the orange-brown ground colour fades to hair- 
brown on the outer half, and the spots at the base of the fin are orange, shaded with pale 
yellow. The anal is pale green on the basal half, and purple exteriorly, with a darker green 
stripe where the colours meet. The corners of the caudal are bright yellow, the middle part 
dark grayish-blue, with indigo-blue spots on the base. The scaly base of the pectoral red, as 
in mee In some respects this figure resembles the Julis decussatus (Benn. Ceylon, 
pl. 14), 
Hab. Sea of China, 
JULIS DORSALIS, Quoy et Gaim., Astrol. pl. 15. f.5; C. et V. xiii. p. 448. 
Labrus pulcherrimus, Solander, Icon. Park. Bib. Banks, 49. Sparus 
hardwickii, Benn. Ceyl. 12. 
Several specimens exist in Sir Edward Belcher’s collection. 
_ Hab. Sea of China? Polynesia, Malay archipelago, Indian ocean, and sea of Mauritius, 
JULIS TRIMACULATUS, Quoy et Gaim., Astrol. pl.20. £2; C. et V. xiii. 
_ p. 452. 
" Several examples of this species exist in Sir Edward Belcher’s collection, which agree well 
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