ae 
ON THE ICHTHYOLOGY OF THE SEAS.OF CHINA AND JAPAN. 293 
_ © This’ species has a short, high body, with a peculiarly short trunk of the tail.. The length 
of the head is contained four times and a sixth in the total length, and the height of the body 
twice anda half. The profile of the back is very slightly arched, so that it is almost parallel 
‘to the straight belly, and the descent to the mouth is mostly from the nape and is pretty steep. 
There is also a considerable ascent from the breast to the mouth, which is terminal, but with 
‘the lower jaw a little longer than the upperone. A small conical eminence is represented on 
the snout immediately before the nostrils. The eye is rather small and is about twice as far 
from the gill-opening as from the tip of the snout. The cheek appears from the drawing to 
be covered by the preorbitar, like that of ¢horacatus, and the whole surface of the operculum 
is streaked. The lateral line is perfectly straight and is traced on twenty-three scales only. 
The dorsal commences over the front of the ventrals and approaches as near to the caudal as 
the anal does. The latter fin has the same direction with the caudal, being attached to a ver- 
tical inflection of the under profile. The spines of the dorsal and anal are shorter than the 
soft rays. The figure shows. D. 2|18; A. 2|5, &c. 
The scales are silvery with bluish- or blackish-gray bases, deeper towards the back, but 
very pale towards the belly. The top of the head is dark greenish-gray, and the shoulders 
brownish. The edges of the gill-pieces and the throat are straw-yellow. The fins are green- 
ish-gray with a slightly brownish tinge on the lower part of the dorsal. 
Hab. Canton. 
CypRINUS AURATUS, Lin. BI. 93 et 410; C. et V. xvi. Jcon. Reeves, 121 
and a sheet representing 7 varieties; Hardw. Malac. 9; Descript. of Ani- 
mals, p. 203. f.213. Chinese name, Kin tsih (Birch) ; Kan tseth, “Golden 
carp” (Reeves); Kam tsik (Bridgem. Chrest. 22). 
Figure 121 Reeves appears to be the fish in its natural or uncultivated state. Its colours 
are pure hyacinth-red, with silvery borders to the scales and saffron-yellow edges to the gill- 
pieces. The pectoral, dorsal and caudal are hyacinth-red with a pale bluish-gray border to 
the latter. The scaly base of the pectoral is purple and lilac, the rays of the anal are yellow 
and those of the ventral red. The most brilliant of the cultivated varieties represented in 
Mr. Reeves’s drawings are vermilion and arterial blood-red, picked off with bright gold-yel- 
low. Others have the scales shaded with Berlin- and flax-flower-blue, and are marked with 
large vermilion patches. One is wholly bronze-coloured, the colour being deepest along the 
back. All the cultivated varieties have an elevated edge or valve between the nostrils, which 
is not shown in figure 121, and also the triple caudal: one of them has a double anal; 
three of them have dorsals but of different sizes, and four of them want the dorsals entirely. 
One of them has very large eyes, and two or three of them eyes sustained on a telescopic 
pedestal. 
Hab. “The Province of Tche kiang from latitude 27° 12’ N. to 31° 10’ N.” (Hist. des 
Poiss. p. 105.) 
Among the ‘ Icones Piscium 24 a pictore Sinensi,’ &c., one figure measuring 8} inches in 
length and nearly 2 inches in height, and belonging to the group of Carassius, has no repre- 
sentative in Mr. Reeves’s portfolio. The dorsal and anal are acute, and the caudal very much 
so; the lateral line straight and a little below the mid-height, and traced on thirty-four scales. 
Colour mountain-green, with metallic lustre on the back, replaced below the middle of the 
sides by a silvery tint. Upper fins coloured like the back, lower ones pale. M. Valenciennes, 
at p. 101 of the 16th volume of the ‘ Histoire des Poissons,’ mentions two drawings in the 
Banksian library, one of which may be the figure here noticed, and the other perhaps one of 
the three paintings which we have alluded to above under the head of Cyprinus langsdorfii. 
Capro#TA RHOMBEA, Temm. et Schl. F.J. Sieb. Rad. D. 14; A.12; C. 
193; P.17; V. 8. (Spec. Brit. Mus. 37 inches long.) 
Lateral line straight a little below the middle, traced on thirty-nine scales: ten rows of 
scales on the height of the body. First two rays of dorsal and anal jointed, but incumbent on 
the base of the third one. 
Hab. Japan. 
CApoETA LimBaTaA, Temm. et Schl. F. J. Sieb. Rad. D.10; A. 12; C. 
192; P.13; V. 8. (Spec. Brit. Mus.) 
_ Lateral line decurved:in the middle to the lower third of the height and traced on thirty- 
three or thirty-four scales. The part of the ‘ Fauna Japonica’ relating to this fish and the 
preceding one is not yet published. 
at Hab. Japan, 
