56 REPORT—1845.. 
working at all with less than a pair; working the panels or districts of coal perfectly 
distinct from one another, and each communicating by its own drift with the upcast ; 
and the working in fiery mines only with the safety-lamp and with no open lights 
whatever. These are all points which are in the strictest sense of the words, practi- 
cal and ceconomical. They would not entirely prevent the occurrence of accidents; 
nor do I believe that any human means can ever do so, for so long-as men ate care- 
less and ignorant, so long will this carelessness and ignorance produce its usual effects ; 
but they would, 1 am convinced, diminish greatly the frequency of accidents, while 
they would diminish also, in some measure, their extent ; and these are certainly 
objects, the attainment of which would be in the highest degree important and 
advantageous.” 
Notice of the Toadstones of Derbyshire. By E. Hatt. 
On the Fossil Bodies regarded by M. Agassiz as the Teeth of a Fish, and 
upon which he has founded his supposed genus Sphenonchus. By Epwarp 
Cuartesworth, £.G.8. 
The object of this communication was to call attention to the history of the fossil 
bodies from the lias and newer secondary rocks, upon the character of which M. 
Agassiz proposes to establish a new genus, under the supposition that they are teeth ; 
but he adduces no facts in support of this view, nor does he attempt to invalidate 
the previously published evidence in favour of their being dermal spines, Mr, 
Charlesworth considers that an Ichthyolite in the possession of Mr. K. T. Higgins of 
Clifton, in addition to other evidence which he has collected upcn the subject, is 
‘conclusive as to the fact of these fossil bodies being spines, and not teeth. 
Mr. Charlesworth then made some observations on the occurrence of otolites in 
the London clay and coralline crag. 
Notice of Fossil Fish from Antigua. By Mr. Turner. 
A method of exhibiting, at one vien, the results of a given Geological Survey. 
By Francis Wuisuaw, Civil Engineer, Secretary of the Society of Arts. 
The author, after noticing Mr. Sopwith’s system of modelling, thus describes his 
own process. The modeller, having before him a plan of the district of country to 
be represented, with all the necessary sections and levels (the plan and sections 
being drawn to suitable scales), provides a base or foundation of wood about three 
quarters of an inch larger all round than the plan of the district to be modelled: 
this foundation must be well-clamped to prevent it from warping. It must then be 
prepared to receive a coating of papier maché, or other suitable material, to be 
moulded into the proper shape, corresponding with the lower stratum or strata to 
be represented in the model. Longitudinal and cross sections, showing accurately 
the strata, having been already prepared, slips of glass are to be provided correspond- 
ing in shape with the various sections, which are to be traced on the glass, painted, 
and burnt in in the usual manner, The various sections of glass are to be let into 
grooves cut in the foundation, and cemented thereto, and the vertical edges of the 
several pieces of glass, when meeting together, are to be cemented by means of 
marine glue. When the vertical glass sections are all fixed in their relative posi- 
tions, it is necessary to provide a lid or cover for the whole, which I have thought 
may also be made of glass, but at any rate wood will answer; if of glass, the surface 
of the country will be made of the same material, the rivers, buildings, &c. being 
coloured and burnt in according to the taste of the modeller ; but if woud is used, it 
must be superposed by papier maché or other suitable material, already used by 
modellers, and the mountainous parts, rivers, churches and other buildings, repre- 
sented in the usual manner. In the lower part of the cover grooves must be formed, 
answering to the different glass sections, so as to cover in the whole in a compact 
form ; ivory or metal scales, to measure distances and depths, will complete the con- 
trivance. 
