32 REPORT—1849. 
It will readily be seen how these considerations enabled me to obtain in this case 
the greatest amount of benefit out of the application of the wave system. I had in 
this case to lay down for both ends of the vessel, that which is best for a bow, and 
that which is best for a stern, at the given velocity. I had next to place relative 
values on bow resistance and stern resistance. I had next to single out from between 
those two lines, one which taken either as bow or stern would deviate least from 
either, and so have least resistance on a mean of both directions. This therefore the 
wave principle did; it gave the limits, and gave also the choice of a series of means, 
all more or less suited to the purpose intended. 
I have now shortly to state the practical details by which this process was carried 
into effect, and the results arrived at in consequence. The engines of the vessel, as 
well as the vessel, had to be constructed by my partner Mr. Albert Robinson and 
myself, and we were enabled to adapt the one to the other with greater ease and 
certainty than in all likelihood we could have done had the engineer been separate 
from the ship-builder. In one case the engine was considered and made an actual 
portion of the ship, and the ship of the engine. It will be fair therefore to deduct 
from the good effects attributed to the wave form of the ship such advantages as we 
possessed in building both engines and boilers and ship as one whole. Still it is fair 
to remember, on the other side, that the builders of the engines with which ours had 
to compete have been celebrated for their efficiency and for the large actual power 
they have developed, when compared with their nominal power. It should also be 
remembered that the builders opposed to us had previously built the fastest boats of 
their district. The only advantages which, consistently with right feeling, we could 
venture to claim over our competitors, were therefore the use of the wave system, 
and the having designed both ship, boilers and engines ourselves, and constructed 
them in our own works as one complete whole. 
The practical results obtained are as follows :-— 
I. Zable of Comparative Experiments. 
Both vessels were about 150-155 feet long. 
he 22-22% feet beam. 
ov eS 4 feet draft of water. 
tee bee 240 tons displacement. 
ay sick 150 horses’ power nominal ; 
propelled by oscillating cylinders of 48 inches diameter, with the — proportion 
of stroke to paddle-wheel in both cases; and with only such differences as the engi- 
neers and ship-builders in each case considered likely to be most successful in carry- 
ing out the execution of their work to the best advantage; the terms prescribed to 
both builders by the engineer of the proprietors being identical, and with only such 
latitude as should not form an obstacle to whatever might seem best suited for ob- 
taining greatest efficiency. ~ 
Results of Experiments on Velocity with equal Power. 

Wave Vessel. Competing Vessel. 
Speed......-e. 16°13 miles per hour. 15°03 miles per hour. 
Power ....%: 20°03 velovity of wheel. 19°09 velocity of wheel. 
Loss ......... 4°17 slip pf wheel. 4°87 slip of wheel. 
These are the results of accurate trials at the measured mile, made both with the 
tide and against it. It is important to observe the amount of slip, as it serves to 
show that it was no deficiency of the engine power which caused the difference, both 
engines having gone at as nearly as possible the same speed. A higher speed might 
have been taken for the wave-formed vessel, but this is given as that in which the 
propelling powers were most nearly identical, and therefore the results in speed are 
most directly comparable. 
In order that the statement just given may not lead to false conclusions, it is ne~ 
cessary to state what were those minor differences in vessel and engine which each 
constructor adopted as tending to greater efficiency. The wave vessel had a flatter 
floor, five feet longer, and considerably squarer on the midship section; which was 
done for diminishing the depth of water as wanted for her use. In the other vessel, 

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