56 



REPOET — 1853. 



Upper 

 division. 



IV. 



The following is in like manner derived from the sections of Cumberland, Westmore- 

 land, N. Lancashire, and a part of Yorkshire : — 



2nd. Tabular View of the British Palxozoic System. 



f V. Permian \ \b. Magnesian limestone andcongloraerate. 



■ L a. Coarse red sandstone and conglome- 

 " <f. Upper carboniferous. [rate*. 



c. Millstone grit. 



b. Lower carboniferous (" Yordale series"). 

 . a. Great scar limestone. 



Coarse red conglomerate and red sand- 

 stone, here and there of great thick- 

 ness, and always unconformable to the 

 older groups; but discontinuous, and 

 often thinning out or disappearing al- 

 together. 



c. Tilestone and red calcareous flagstone. 

 b. Grits and coarse flagstone, without 



transverse cleavage. 



Middle fill, 

 division. I 



series. 



Carboni- 

 ferous 

 series. 



Devonian " 

 series. 



Lower 

 division. 



Group from 

 Benson Knot, 

 south of Kendal, 



through hirkby ^ ^_ ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^.^^^ occasional 



Moor to the 

 Lune, called 

 Kirkby Moor 

 group. 



Ireleth slate 

 group. 



4. Coniston grit. 



Coniston lime- 

 stone group. 



Green slate and 

 porphyry. 



transverse cleavage ; north of Kendal 

 Fell, forming a passage into the 

 lower group. 



II. Silurian ' [d. Coarse striped slates alternating with 



series. \ beds of gritstone, much contorted and 



of great thickness. 

 c. Great or Upper Ireleth slate ; no traces 

 of Aymestry limestone. 



b. Ireleth limestone in a discontinuous and 

 concretionarj' form. 



a. Lower Ireleth slate. 

 ^Coarse hard gritstone, conglomerate, and 

 thin bands of slate. Collectively of 

 great thickness. 

 "3. Coniston lime- J *. Coniston flagstone and calcareous slate. 

 \ a. Coniston limestone and calcareous slate. 

 r Great beds of roofing-slate, &c., alternating 

 I indefinitely with porphyry, trappean 



■i. conglomerate, trap-shale (shaalstein), 



I &c. Collectively of enormous thick- 



[ ness. 



^d. Some rare examples (probably in the 

 upper part of this great group) of 

 I. Cambrian , black slate with fucoids and grapto- 



series. ' lites. 



c. Masses of gritstone, rarely of coarse 

 texture. 



1. Skiddaw slate. ■{ b. Mountain masses of black slate, with 

 veins of quartz ; not effervescing with 

 acids. 

 a. Beds of porphyritic chiastolite slate, 

 passing (when near the granite) into 

 chiastoUte rock, and beds which are 

 [_ entirely metamorphic. 



In this tabular view (derived from actual sections in the north of England) the Skid- 

 daw slate may be put on the same parallel with the old slates of the Longmynd. The 

 older roofing-slate of the second group (e. g. the slates of Borrowdale) may be (pro- 

 visionally) compared w ith the Llanberris and Nant Francon slates of the Welsh 

 section. In the mountains of Cumberland w^e have found no trace of the Lingula flags, 

 or of the Tremadoc slates with their subordinate beds of granular magnetic iron ore. 

 But the green slate and porphyry (of group second) are the exact counterpart of the 



* A still higher group (c) of the Permian series, not here noticed, is found in Nottingham- 

 shire and the southern part of Yorkshire. It is composed of gypseous red marls and thin- 

 bedded limestone. 



