BRAINERD: HYBRIDS OF THE PALMATA GROUP 93 
It may be noted that the leaf outline in V. triloba is relatively 
broader and less deeply cordate than in V. sororia (or in V. 
papilionacea), and that the hybrid offspring may inherit the uncut 
leaves of the latter and the broad outline of the former, thus 
presenting a decidedly reniform leaf. Such stable forms often 
emerge in experimental cultures and are occasionally met with 
in the wild near stations for V. triloba. I have usually found 
such broad-leaved specimens of ‘‘ V. sororia”’ to be infertile. It 
seems to be this that Dr. Greene has named V. populifolia. 
(Pittonia 3: 337. S 1898.) 
The two hybrids of V. Stoneana that follow are analogous to the 
two last described.* 
Viola papilionacea X Stoneana hyb. nov. 
Glabrous; first one or two leaves uncut, succeeded by larger 
ones 5~-7-lobed; the middle segment broad, the basal lunate 
coarsely serrate, the lateral but slightly if at all narrowed at 
the base; autumn leaves often much dilated and obscurely lobed; 
. Capsules more or less infertile, 7-12 mm. long; offspring diversi- 
form as to lobation. 
A plant of this was taken from Ivy Hill Cemetery, Phila- 
delphia, September 1905. From close-fertilized seed collected and 
sown in the autumn of 1906 were grown the following season, 
plants that had three distinct leaf forms: (1) the uncut leaf of 
V. papilionacea; (2) the 5-parted leaf of V. Stoneana with seg- 
ments much narrowed toward the base; (3) the 5-lobed leaf of 
the original plant. From six of these plants a third generation 
was grown in 1909, in which all from (1) and (2) were homo- 
Phyllous, and those from (3) heterophyllous, as in the brood 
obtained in 1907. From (1) a fourth generation was raised in 
1910, all like the parent. 
Viola Stoneana x triloba hyb. nov. , 
Leaves 5-lobed; lower surface and petioles somewhat pubes- 
cent; capsules infertile; seeds buff; offspring in part glabrous, in 
Part quite pubescent. 
The original plant was collected at Ivy Hill Cemetery, Phila- 
delphia, in 1905, with the one last described. Four seedlings 
N ae The evolution of new forms in Viola through hybridization. Am. 
aturalist 44; 93%, Ap 1910. 
