BRAINERD: HYBRIDS OF THE PALMATA GROUP 97 
and which unstable. Even in the character of seed color, or of 
capsule color, Mendelian dominance of brown over buff, or of 
purple over green, is usually somewhat imperfect; so that after 
some practice one can distinguish. fairly well between pure and 
hybrid dominants. Details of this behavior will be given in a 
further paper, on the hybrids of Viola pedatifida of the Middle 
West. 
MIDDLEBURY, VT. 
Explanation of plates 5-7 
PLATE 5 
# natural size 
Aa. Viola palmata X papilionacea Brainerd, transplanted from Plainfield, N. J., 
June 1906; ex horto, Middlebury, Vt., Sept. 6, 1909. 
A. Leaf of Viola palmata L., Yonkers, N. Y., Sept. 9, 1905. 
a. Leaf of Viola papilionacea Pursh, Plainfield, N. J. 
PLATE 6 
2 natural size 
Three offspring in third generation of Viola palmata X papilionacea shown im 
PLATE 5, Aa; grown from close-fertilized seeds of one plant. Ex horto, Oct. 2, 1909. 
A. Reverting to V. palmata L. 
a. Reverting to V. papilionacea Pursh. 
Aa. Repeating hybrid leaf form 
PLATE 7 
2 natural size 
1. Leaf of V. palmata L., Orange, N. J. 
2. Leaf of V. triloba Schwein., New Haven, Conn. 
- Two leaves, lower surface and upper, of V. palmata X aa — 
aa na Maryland Heights, Md., May 1908; ex horto, May 31, I 
5-7. Three leaves of —* of hybrid in third generation, grown a from seen 
baer, seeds of one plant 
