DopGE: METHODs OF CULTURE OF ASCOBOLACEAE 141 
borne on a short stalk. These branches are closely applied to the 
cells of the scolecite in such a way as to lead Woronin to believe 
that fertilization occurs at this time. 
He further found chlamydospores or resting spores on the 
mycelium connected with the ascocarp but no conidia or oidia. 
These thick-walled brownish spores are borne on curved stalks. 
They germinate after a resting period of several weeks. 
Boudier (1869) believed that the spores of the species of 
Ascobolus growing on dung germinate only after passing through the 
_ digestive canal of animals, and that the spores of species growing 
(A. viridis Boud.) shows the characteristic mycelium produced by 
this species. He asserts that in spite of all his work on this group 
he has never found their mycelia producing anything in the nature 
of conidia or chlamydospores. 
Janczewski ( 1871) is very positive in his refutation of Coemans’ 
Statement (1862) regarding the germination of Ascobolus spores 
without special treatment. He fed the ascocarps of A. furfuraceus 
to an animal, recovering the germinated spores from the faeces. 
He found that most of the epispore is removed by the digestive 
Processes, and that the spores thus treated germinate, sending 
Out one or more germ tubes at a short distance from each end of 
the spore. He also investigated the method of the formation of 
the ascocarp. The material for this purpose was obtained directly 
from the natural substratum. The ascogonium consists of eight 
or ten large cells formed as a “worm-like” branch of a vegetative 
hypha. A slender filament arising from near the base of the 
ascogonium branches several times and coils closely about the 
eres. These filamentous hyphae are the “ pollinodia.” After 
the ascogonium is well developed, the third cell from the outer 
ead of the archicarp is seen to be very much enlarged and gives 
"Se to ascogenous hyphae from its upper surface. 
Van Tieghem (1876) germinated the spores of Ascodesmis 
sGiioianes in dung decoctions and beerwort. Following their devel- 
pment in drop cultures he observed the formation of a T-shaped 
ithe Which branched several times by a false dichotomy. This 
Osette is the initial organ of the ascocarp. Occasionally a second 
