DopGE : METHODS OF CULTURE OF ASCOBOLACEAE 177 
The growth of the apothecium proceeds slowly and several 
days elapse before ascogenous hyphae can be found. In the mean- 
time a fringe of hyphae, the familiar secondary mycelium, grows 
out from the apothecium and penetrates the substratum in all 
directions. When this species is cultivated on carbonaceous earth 
in the laboratory, the base of the apothecium is clothed with a 
collar of light greenish yellow mycelium. 
If the young apothecia are removed from the artificial medium 
and carefully crushed under the cover glass, the cells giving rise 
to the ascogenous hyphae may slip out and become exposed to 
View (FIG. 38). Staining with a drop of aceto-carmin serves to 
differentiate the paraphyses and the ascogenous system from the 
other tissues of the ascocarp. About three cells of the ascogonium 
hearest its stalk coil have become very much enlarged so that they 
are nearly spherical. The method of the formation of the ascoge- 
nous hyphae should be noted. Primary ascogenous hyphae first 
8row out from the second cell as stout spikelike growths, which 
are unbranched and consist of four or five cells each. When full- 
8town they are somewhat irregularly bent in the region of their 
ups. This is no doubt due to the obstructions they meet, other- 
Wise they are perfectly straight (1G. 30). Secondary ascogenous 
hyphae arise from the ends of each of these primary hyphae and 
branch a few times to produce the ordinary hook-shaped tips. 
The ascus arises from the penultimate cell while the ultimate cell 
may continue its growth and produce another ascus, or if this 
does not occur it bends sharply downward and becomes closely 
applied to the antepenultimate cell and possibly fuses withit. At 
the time when these primary ascogenous hyphae have attained 
about half their full growth, the next cell of the ascogonium, which 
_ somewhat smaller than the one just described, begins to give 
"se to similar outgrowths, except that the basal cells may be some- 
What Swollen (ric, 39, 7). It is difficult to obtain both stages at 
“ eupa consequently this cannot be said at present to bea 
* spa The swelling may have been due to the action of 
ea ‘age used In staining. The characteristic staining of 
buce. — and their close connection with these stalklike out- 
hic abi certain cells of the ascogonium may indicate a 
‘onship than is now held to exist. 
