178 DopGce: METHODS OF CULTURE OF ASCOBOLACEAE 
The ascocarps ripen slowly in the artificial media and reach 
maturity in 20-30 days after the spores have germinated. The 
largest ones grown artificially were 4-5 mm. in diameter. Spores 
from these have been used to obtain a second generation and do 
not appear to germinate without being heated. Ascocarps grown 
on the natural substratum in the laboratory require slightly less 
time to reach maturity and are usually larger than those grown 
artificially. 
ASCOPHANUS CARNEUS Pers. 
The cultures used in the studies of the origin of the apothecium 
of this species were obtained by transplanting small pieces of 
filter paper bearing the ascocarps to dung agar, where the mycelium 
grew rapidly and formed ascocarps sufficiently isolated to be 
transferred. In the first cultures large numbers of Zukal’s 
sclerotia (1889), the gemmae of Ternetz (1900), and the chlamy- 
dospores of Cutting (1909) appeared. After several such transfers 
no such bodies were found. Nine pure cultures of a rough-spored 
variety, A. sarcobius Boud., from Bermuda, have not developed 
these chlamydospores. The ascospores of this variety are suffi- 
ciently large and well marked to enable one to remove them from 
the slide on which they are caught, with some degree of assurance 
that the spores of other species are not introduced into the medium 
at thesame time. Three cultures containing the common smooth- 
spored form, all contain the ‘‘chlamydospores.” Ternetz’s careful 
investigation would indicate that the production of these bodies 
is characteristic of this species. Their non-appearance in certain 
cultures might be due to the nature of the medium used or to light 
and heat conditions. Or this may be good evidence that A. 
sarcobius is a very distinct species and not a variety of A. carneus 
as I at first assumed. Miss Ternetz’s figures of the ascogonium 
agree with those I found in cultures obtained by transfer. The 
stalk (FIG. 17, a) is composed of about five to eight hyaline cells. 
The ascogonium is differentiated as a region of five or six large 
granular, and slightly colored cells. The ascogonium forms @ 
loose coil of one or two turns (FIG. 17, b) and gives rise toa tricho- 
gyne which consists of five to seven narrow, non-granular cells. 
This organ is usually coiled tightly around over the body of the 
ascogonium but may sometimes be seen extending straight out 
