DoDGE : METHODS OF CULTURE OF ASCOBOLACEAE 191 
oogonium to enable a one-celled trichogyne to bring the sexual 
nuclei together. The reduction of the trichogyne has gone on 
still further in Ascodesmis. Humaria granulata is one of the 
best known forms in which a trichogyne is no longer developed. 
I am inclined to believe that Dangeard’s species Ascobolus 
mirabilis is really A. viridis Boud., as he suggests it may be. I 
have given my reasons for considering this latter species as 
identical with A. carbonarius Karst. Dangeard found his 
species in one of his old cultures of Pyronema and assumed that 
it was introduced along with some carbonaceous earth upon which 
the Pyronema was growing. This habitat on carbonaceous 
earth is very characteristic of A. carbonarius. Dangeard found 
few apothecia in his cultures, a feature I have noted in my cul- 
tures of A. carbonarius. The structure of the archicarp, or as 
much of it as he saw, agrees in general with the central portion 
of that organ as I find it in A. carbonarius. The stalk cells are 
very similar, and the three or four enormous cells concerned in 
the production of the ascogenous hyphae are essentially like the 
same cells as I have described them. In a few cases he saw a 
few hyaline cells extending out beyond these larger cells, as do 
the empty cells of the distal end of the ascogonium in my forms. 
Dangeard noted how easily the ascogenous cells can be squeezed 
out of a young apothecium, and the appearance of the ascogenous 
hyphae growing out of the ascogenous cell was such as to attract 
his attention. He has also noted that septa are formed in 
these ascogenous hyphae as they grow out from the ascogenous 
cell, so that when they are mature they are straight, club-shaped 
structures consisting of three or four cells. These are plainly 
the organs that I have called primary ascogenous hyphae. His 
Sure of a young apothecium, as seen from above, agrees also with 
oo What he has taken to be the remains of the 
opinion md archicarp lying outside of the main fruit body, is in my 
a Owever, the distal end of the archicarp from which the 
baa < sal I find as above described, that this long wind- 
e eis the ascogonium becomes invested with hyphae quite 
; ntly of the portion that is to give rise to the main 
is Wiehe Tt is only in the older stages that the whole system 
Y inclosed to form an oval mass. The very transparent 
