280 LorENZ: REPRODUCTION IN NEW ENGLAND FRULLANIAE 
the leaves and lobules of Frullania fragilifolia Tayl. and figures 
three lobules with shoots of different ages. Schostakowitsch (’94) 
treats of the adventive branches of F. dilatata (L.) Dum. and 
Porella platyphylla together, figuring a ‘“Vorkeim” of Porella 
which greatly resembles that of our Frullaniae. 
Pearson (’02) and Macvicar (’10) refer to the remarkable 
caducous leaves of Frullania fragilifolia but had not observed 
them to be Brutblatter, although they mention the shoots on 
the lobules. 
Cavers (’03) describes the vegetative reproduction in two 
European species of Frullania. In F. fragilifolia Tayl. the easily 
detached hooded lobules give rise to leafy shoots from their 
marginal cells. In F. dilatata (L.) Dum. “the outer surface of 
the perianth in this species bears numerous irregular outgrowths, 
each made up of from two to five or six cells. These outgrowths 
may be regarded as gemmae.”’ Warnstorf (’03) describes these 
structures in F. dilatata in somewhat more detail, as well eum 
thin-walled Keimkérner upon the leaves of &@ plants, and suggests 
that these two types of gemmae may serve to reproduce the ? 
and < plants respectively. 
Hans Buch (’11) merely refers to the Brutblatter of F. fragili- 
folia without any further description. 
Of the eleven species of Frullania at present report 
New England, seven belong to the subgenus Trachycolea, 
Homotropantha, two to Thyopsiella, and one to Diastoloba. 
Upon examination, adventive branches were found in three 
of the species of subgenus Trachycolea, viz., F. eboracensts Gottsche, 
F. Brittoniae Evans, and F. riparia Hampe; as well as in F. plana 
Sull., the representative of subgenus Homotropantha. Some 
scanty material of F. inflata Gottsche and F. saxicola Aust haba 
examined fruitlessly, but adventive branches could probably id 
demonstrated with a larger supply of material. 
In the subgenus Thyopsiella, material of F. Asagrayan@ eee 
from four different states was examined, with no traces of Brut: 
blatter. F. Tamarisci (L.) Dum., both Nova Scotian and ar 
material, gave similar negative results. The same wa* let 
the only Diastoloba, F. Selwyniana Pearson from Maine. Z 
F. eboracensis Gottsche easily leads all the New England spe* 
ed from 
one to 
